在决定通用性和可靠性时,服务部件的重要性

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI:10.1287/serv.2023.0009
J. Driessen, Joachim Arts, G. van Houtum
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引用次数: 0

摘要

具有竞争力的原始设备制造商(OEM)不仅销售设备,还提供服务合同,以确保设备在销售后的正常运行和正常运行时间。因此,原始设备制造商要对设备生命周期的大部分时间负责。因此,原始设备制造商的目标是最大限度地降低其设备的总生命周期成本,特别是在设计阶段作出通用性和可靠性水平的决定。我们考虑的这些决策针对的是系统系列中的一个组件。通用性决策是为系统选择通用部件或专用部件。生命周期成本包括所有部件的设计和生产成本、维修成本、维修部件的库存持有成本以及物流停机成本(即由于备件库存不足而导致的停机成本)。在许多原始设备制造商那里,设计部门在决定通用性和可靠性水平时往往不考虑维修零件。不考虑维修零件会使决策模型更简单,但这可能会导致非最佳决策。我们比较了通用性和可靠性决策的两种方法:预期法和非预期法,前者包括服务零件的库存持有成本和物流停机成本,后者则不包括这些成本。由于预期法的成本函数难以计算,我们首先通过渐近分析推导出一个近似实际成本的成本函数。接下来,我们证明,与非预期法相比,预期法更频繁地选择共同部分。在许多问题实例中,非预期方法导致的决策总成本远高于预期方法。当系统族由多个系统组成时,相对成本差异会变得非常大。资助:J. Driessen 由荷兰科学研究组织 [Grant 407-12-001] 资助。
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On the Importance of Service Parts When Taking Commonality and Reliability Decisions
Competitive Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) do not only sell equipment, but also provide service contracts that ensure proper functioning and uptime of equipment after the sale. This makes OEMs responsible for a large part of an equipment’s life cycle. Therefore, OEMs aim to minimize the total life cycle costs of their equipment, in particular by commonality and reliability level decisions during the design phase. We consider these decisions for one component occurring in a family of systems. The commonality decision is about choosing a common component or dedicated components for the systems. The life cycle costs consist of design and production costs of all components, repair costs, inventory holding costs of service parts, and logistic downtime costs (i.e., downtime costs due to insufficient spare parts inventory). At many OEMs, the design department tends to exclude service parts considerations for the commonality and reliability level decisions. Excluding service parts leads to a simpler decision model, however, this may lead to non–optimal decisions. We compare two approaches for the commonality and reliability decisions: the anticipating approach, which includes inventory holding costs of service parts and logistic downtime costs, and the nonanticipating approach, which excludes these costs. Since the cost function under the anticipating approach is intractable, we first derive a cost function that approximates the actual costs via an asymptotic analysis. Next, we show that the anticipating approach selects the common component more frequently in comparison with the nonanticipating approach. For many problem instances, the nonanticipating approach leads to decisions that have a much higher overall cost than using the anticipating approach. The relative cost difference can become arbitrarily large when the family of systems consists of many systems. Funding: J. Driessen was funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research [Grant 407-12-001].
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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