Comparative analysis between spectral indices obtained in the Guangüiltagua metropolitan park in Quito – Ecuador, using remote sensing

The article presents an exhaustive comparative analysis of NDVI, SAVI and NDWI spectral indices, extracted from satellite images of the Guangüiltagua Metropolitan Park in Quito. The relevance of remote sensing, using satellites such as Sentinel-2, in the monitoring of biodiversity and environmental conditions is highlighted. The research emphasizes the importance of vegetation indices, especially NDVI, to assess vegetation health and detect changes in vegetation cover. The study discusses in detail vegetation sensitivity, water identification, water stress response, soil effect compensation, and specific applications of NDVI, SAVI, and NDWI. The ability of these indices to provide crucial information on ecosystem health, water presence, and potential water stress conditions in Metropolitan Park is highlighted. The methodology applied involves the use of the Copernicus platform and the Sentinel-2 satellite, with radiometric and geometric correction procedures, as well as atmospheric correction. The results obtained reveal high NDVI values, indicating a dense vegetation cover, while NDWI suggests potential areas of water scarcity. The comparative analysis between the indices offers a deeper understanding of the relationship between vegetation and water in the park.