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引用次数: 0
摘要
本研究涉及以-er 结尾的英语合成词,如 heartbreaker、time-killer 和 bodybuilder,以及它们在意大利语中的对应词。合成词在日耳曼语中非常多见(如 E. heartbreaker、G. Herzensbrecher、D. hartenbreker),但在罗曼语中几乎不存在,在罗曼语中使用各种形态形式和构词策略来表达相同的概念(参见 It. rubacuori、Sp. rompecorazones、Fr. tombeur)。对英语合成词的分析仍然是形态学中一个有争议的话题,在两种相互排斥的假设之间存在着激烈的理论争论,即合成词是必须作为派生词(即[[heart break] [-er]])还是作为化合物(即[[heart] [break-er]])来分析。在构词法中,它们属于过渡形态,即在派生和复合之间处于矛盾地位。本研究从英语词典项目数据库中收集了约 100 个英语合成词,并将它们与意大利语中可能出现的合成词进行了对比。对比分析的主要目的是突出两个词形系统之间的差异(参见 E. time-killer/It.passatempo)。此外,本研究还考察了用 OPUS2 意大利语翻译英语合成化合物时所使用的翻译程序。基于语料库的结果证实,英语和意大利语显示出语言特有的结构,这可能导致误译或少译。
A contrastive analysis of English deverbal -er synthetic compounds and their Italian
equivalents
This study deals with English synthetic compounds ending in -er, such as heartbreaker,
time-killer, and bodybuilder, and their Italian equivalents. Synthetic compounds are very productive
in Germanic languages (e.g. E. heartbreaker, G. Herzensbrecher, D.
hartenbreker), but virtually absent in Romance languages, where various morphological forms and word-formation
strategies are used to render the same concepts (cf. It. rubacuori, Sp. rompecorazones, Fr.
tombeur). The analysis of English synthetic compounds still remains a controversial topic in morphological
accounts, with a lively theoretical debate between two mutually exclusive hypotheses, i.e. whether synthetic compounds have to be
analyzed as derivations (i.e. [[heart break] [-er]]) or as compounds (i.e.
[[heart] [break-er]]). In word-formation, they are part of transitional morphology, i.e.
they have an ambivalent status between derivation and compounding. This study explores a collection of about 100 English synthetic
compounds drawn from the English Lexicon Project database and compares them with their possible Italian
renditions. The contrastive analysis mainly aims at highlighting differences between the two morphological systems (cf. E.
time-killer/It. passatempo). Moreover, the study examines the translation procedures used to
render English synthetic compounds in OPUS2 Italian. Corpus-based results confirm that English and Italian display
language-specific constructions which may result in mis- or under-translation.
期刊介绍:
Languages in Contrast aims to publish contrastive studies of two or more languages. Any aspect of language may be covered, including vocabulary, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, text and discourse, stylistics, sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics. Languages in Contrast welcomes interdisciplinary studies, particularly those that make links between contrastive linguistics and translation, lexicography, computational linguistics, language teaching, literary and linguistic computing, literary studies and cultural studies.