基于论证的有效性方法:编制活文件并纳入预注册内容

IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Journal of Educational Measurement Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI:10.1111/jedm.12385
Daria Gerasimova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对于基于论证的有效性方法,我提出了两个切实可行的进展:制定一份活文件和纳入预先登记。首先,我提出了活文件的潜在结构,其中包括有效性论证的最新摘要。由于验证过程可能会跨越多项研究,因此活文档可以让仪器的未来用户在一个地方获取整个有效性论证。其次,我介绍了如何将预注册纳入基于论证的方法。具体来说,我将预注册分为两种类型:论点预注册和验证研究预注册。论点预注册是为整个验证过程指定的单一预注册。在这里,开发者在收集有效性证据之前,要明确解释、用途和主张。验证研究的预注册是指对旨在评估一系列主张的单一验证研究进行预注册。在这里,开发者在收集数据之前,先描述研究的组成部分(如研究设计、数据收集、数据分析等)。这两种预注册类型都有可能降低偏差风险(如事后认识偏差和确认偏差),并允许其他人评估偏差风险,从而校准对开发者有效性论证评估的信心。
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Argument-Based Approach to Validity: Developing a Living Document and Incorporating Preregistration

I propose two practical advances to the argument-based approach to validity: developing a living document and incorporating preregistration. First, I present a potential structure for the living document that includes an up-to-date summary of the validity argument. As the validation process may span across multiple studies, the living document allows future users of the instrument to access the entire validity argument in one place. Second, I describe how preregistration can be incorporated in the argument-based approach. Specifically, I distinguish between two types of preregistration: preregistration of the argument and preregistration of validation studies. Preregistration of the argument is a single preregistration that is specified for the entire validation process. Here, the developer specifies interpretations, uses, and claims before collecting validity evidence. Preregistration of a validation study refers to preregistering a single validation study that aims to evaluate a set of claims. Here, the developer describes study components (e.g., research design, data collection, data analysis, etc.), before collecting data. Both preregistration types have the potential to reduce the risk of bias (e.g., hindsight and confirmation biases), as well as to allow others to evaluate the risk of bias and, hence, calibrate confidence, in the developer's evaluation of the validity argument.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: The Journal of Educational Measurement (JEM) publishes original measurement research, provides reviews of measurement publications, and reports on innovative measurement applications. The topics addressed will interest those concerned with the practice of measurement in field settings, as well as be of interest to measurement theorists. In addition to presenting new contributions to measurement theory and practice, JEM also serves as a vehicle for improving educational measurement applications in a variety of settings.
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