Anti Urolithiatic and Diuretic Potentiality of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.

The present study investigated the development of kidney stone formation in animal models involving renal tubular stone formation by ethylene glycol and COX-2 selective inhibitor-induced urolithiasis along with the diuretic potentiality by Lipschitz teston Wistar rats. Hemidesmus indicus (H. indicus) R. Br. played a prominent role in various ancient traditional systems of medications and possessed various pharmacological applications. Since the last few decades, urolithiasis has been a major constraint in both livestock and human health. Celecoxib administration increased urinary enzyme excretion but did not affect oxalate or citrate excretion in a urolithiasis model. This research provides a comprehensive account of the ethnobotanical use of H. indicus as an antiurolithiatic and diuretic agent in animal models. The plant material was dried, pulverized into a dry powder, extracted with ethanol, and analyzed for the presence of various secondary metabolites. The anti-urolithic effect of ethanolic extract of H. indicus roots in albino rats was investigated using ethylene glycol (0.75%) and COX -2 selective inhibitor models The experimental data showed the significant effect of H. Indicus root extract (HIEE) as anti-urolithiasis by the prevention of kidney stone formation, also by decreasing crystal nucleation, growth inhibition, decreased aggregation, and crystal retention within the renal tubules. The effect of HIEE supplementation prevents the impairment of renal stone formation, which was also confirmed by the histological findings. HIEE also acts as a potent diuretic, which supports the study. The results indicated that HIEE was effective against experimentally induced urolithiasis, and it also acts as a potent diuretic in treated animals. So, it needs to perform future research on medicinal plants, including in vivo mechanistic and human studies for urolithiasis.