寻找觉醒的神经相关性

IF 1.6 4区 心理学 0 PHILOSOPHY Journal of Consciousness Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.53765/20512201.31.1.173
Julien Tempone-Wiltshire
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引用次数: 3

摘要

沉思的学术研究最近将注意力重新转向了对佛教修行的目标--"觉醒"--的神经科学研究。本文对寻求觉醒神经相关性的项目进行了评估。文章指出了关键的定义和操作问题,表明:觉醒的本质在佛教传统内部和不同佛教传统之间都存在很大争议;觉醒的意义既取决于语境,也取决于概念;觉醒可能是非概念性的,也可能是不可言说的。研究表明,脱离了神学和文化因素的可操作的世俗觉醒概念与传统佛教的觉醒概念关系不大。本文指出了世俗觉醒概念在内省和神经影像学方面的方法论问题,同时也证明了经验第一人称现象学的最新进展在减少内省偏差方面的价值。总之,本文认为,将觉醒去语境化并将其置于科学自然主义框架内会产生重大问题。在对觉醒状态进行负责任的研究时,需要仔细关注本文所指出的定义、操作和方法上的神经科学障碍。
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Seeking the Neural Correlates of Awakening
Contemplative scholarship has recently reoriented attention towards the neuroscientific study of the soteriological ambition of Buddhist practice, 'awakening'. This article evaluates the project of seeking neural correlates for awakening. Key definitional and operational issues are identified demonstrating that: the nature of awakening is highly contested both within and across Buddhist traditions; the meaning of awakening is both context- and concept-dependent; and awakening may be non-conceptual and ineffable. It is demonstrated that operationalized secular conceptions of awakening, divorced from soteriological and cultural factors, have little relationship to traditional Buddhist construct(s) of awakening. This article identifies methodological issues for secular conceptions of awakening concerning introspection and neuroimaging yet demonstrates also the value of recent advancements in empirical first-person phenomenology for attenuating introspective bias. Overall, it is contended that significant problems arise when decontextualizing awakening and placing it within a scientific naturalistic framework. Careful attention to the definitional, operational, and methodological neuroscientific obstacles identified herein is required in the responsible approach to the investigation of awakening states.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
58
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