公司治理的利益相关者模式:快速评估宏观经济挑战影响的方法论

I. N. Tkachenkoa, M. Meteleva
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摘要

当今俄罗斯企业结构所面临的全球人道主义和经济挑战,不仅要求重新思考公共机构在国民经济未来命运中的作用,还要求前所未有地创新发展在时间和信息有限的条件下做出管理决策的机制。众所周知的、在方法论上已经发展成熟的方法需要根据新的现实情况进行转变和发展。根据俄罗斯企业管理层在第十二届全俄论坛 "企业管理:适应挑战与发展 "全俄论坛上发表的关于当前商业环境形势的意见,确定了公司治理模式转型的要求。本研究的目的是发展作者早先提出的方法,从宏观因素(尤其是经济制裁)对企业的影响角度评估企业环境、社会和公司治理活动的企业网络利益相关者价值。在方法论基础上使用了以下方法:网络方法、逻辑分析方法、相关和回归分析、比较、图形可视化。文章中介绍的方法以 "诺里尔斯克镍业 "股份公司及其所在地区--克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区--为例进行了测试,基于两个时期的数据--危机前(2012-2018 年)以及包括 COVID-19 大流行和加强外贸制裁(2012-2021 年)。结果表明,利益相关者价值模型对宏观条件变化的敏感性,这证实了该方法在解决企业流程运营管理问题方面的有效性。研究的前景在于扩大利益相关者群体的构成,制定建立他们之间业务联系的方法以及对他们进行评估。
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Stakeholder Model of Corporate Governance: Methodology for Rapid Assessment of the Impact of Macroeconomic Challenges
The global humanitarian and economic challenges facing Russian corporate structures today require not only a rethinking of the role of public institutions in the future fate of the national economy, but also unprecedented innovative development of mechanisms for making management decisions in conditions of limited time and information. Well-known and methodologically developed approaches need transformation and development in relation to new realities. Based on the competent opinion of Russian corporate management on the current situation in the business environment, voiced at the XII All-Russian Forum «Business Management: Adaptation to Challenges and Development», requirements for the transformation of the corporate governance model have been determined. The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology proposed earlier by the authors for assessing the stakeholder value of the corporate network of the ESG activities of the corporation in terms of the influence of macro-level factors on it, in particular, economic sanctions. The following methods were used as a methodological basis: network approach, methods of logical analysis, correlation and regression analysis, comparison, graphic visualization. The methodology presented in the article was tested on the example of PJSC Norilsk Nickel and the region of its presence – the Krasnoyarsk Territory, based on data from two periods – pre-crisis (2012–2018) and including the COVID‑19 pandemic and strengthening of foreign trade sanctions (2012–2021). The results showed the sensitivity of the stakeholder value model to changes in macro conditions, which confirms the validity of the methodology for solving problems of operational management of corporate processes. The prospects for the research lie in the area of expanding the composition of stakeholder groups, developing methods for establishing operational connections between them and their assessment.
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