{"title":"地图的无常族和可解性","authors":"István Juhász, Jan van Mill","doi":"10.4153/s0008439524000109","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>If <span>X</span> is a topological space and <span>Y</span> is any set, then we call a family <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline1.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$\\mathcal {F}$</span></span></img></span></span> of maps from <span>X</span> to <span>Y nowhere constant</span> if for every non-empty open set <span>U</span> in <span>X</span> there is <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline2.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$f \\in \\mathcal {F}$</span></span></img></span></span> with <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline3.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$|f[U]|> 1$</span></span></img></span></span>, i.e., <span>f</span> is not constant on <span>U</span>. We prove the following result that improves several earlier results in the literature.</p><p>If <span>X</span> is a topological space for which <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline4.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$C(X)$</span></span></img></span></span>, the family of all continuous maps of <span>X</span> to <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline5.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$\\mathbb {R}$</span></span></img></span></span>, is nowhere constant and <span>X</span> has a <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline6.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$\\pi $</span></span></img></span></span>-base consisting of connected sets then <span>X</span> is <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\"png\" data-type=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline7.png\"><span data-mathjax-type=\"texmath\"><span>$\\mathfrak {c}$</span></span></img></span></span>-resolvable.</p>","PeriodicalId":501184,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Mathematical Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Nowhere constant families of maps and resolvability\",\"authors\":\"István Juhász, Jan van Mill\",\"doi\":\"10.4153/s0008439524000109\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>If <span>X</span> is a topological space and <span>Y</span> is any set, then we call a family <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline1.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$\\\\mathcal {F}$</span></span></img></span></span> of maps from <span>X</span> to <span>Y nowhere constant</span> if for every non-empty open set <span>U</span> in <span>X</span> there is <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline2.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$f \\\\in \\\\mathcal {F}$</span></span></img></span></span> with <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline3.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$|f[U]|> 1$</span></span></img></span></span>, i.e., <span>f</span> is not constant on <span>U</span>. We prove the following result that improves several earlier results in the literature.</p><p>If <span>X</span> is a topological space for which <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline4.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$C(X)$</span></span></img></span></span>, the family of all continuous maps of <span>X</span> to <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline5.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$\\\\mathbb {R}$</span></span></img></span></span>, is nowhere constant and <span>X</span> has a <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline6.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$\\\\pi $</span></span></img></span></span>-base consisting of connected sets then <span>X</span> is <span><span><img data-mimesubtype=\\\"png\\\" data-type=\\\"\\\" src=\\\"https://static.cambridge.org/binary/version/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:binary:20240221124122868-0846:S0008439524000109:S0008439524000109_inline7.png\\\"><span data-mathjax-type=\\\"texmath\\\"><span>$\\\\mathfrak {c}$</span></span></img></span></span>-resolvable.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":501184,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Canadian Mathematical Bulletin\",\"volume\":\"34 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-06\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Canadian Mathematical Bulletin\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.4153/s0008439524000109\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Canadian Mathematical Bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4153/s0008439524000109","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
如果 X 是拓扑空间,Y 是任意集合,那么我们称从 X 到 Y 的 $\mathcal {F}$ 映射族为无处常量,如果对于 X 中的每个非空开集 U,在 $\mathcal {F}$ 中有 $f ||f[U]|>1$,即 f 在 U 上不是常量、如果 X 是一个拓扑空间,其中 $C(X)$,即 X 到 $\mathbb {R}$ 的所有连续映射的族,是无处不变的,并且 X 有一个由连通集组成的 $\pi $ 基,那么 X 是 $\mathfrak {c}$ 可解决的。
Nowhere constant families of maps and resolvability
If X is a topological space and Y is any set, then we call a family $\mathcal {F}$ of maps from X to Y nowhere constant if for every non-empty open set U in X there is $f \in \mathcal {F}$ with $|f[U]|> 1$, i.e., f is not constant on U. We prove the following result that improves several earlier results in the literature.
If X is a topological space for which $C(X)$, the family of all continuous maps of X to $\mathbb {R}$, is nowhere constant and X has a $\pi $-base consisting of connected sets then X is $\mathfrak {c}$-resolvable.