A study on immunohistochemical expression of HER2/Neu and p63 and its association with grade and invasiveness in case of bladder carcinoma.

Introduction: Bladder cancer is a global disease, ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer. The incidence and prevalence increase with age. Grade and aggressiveness have been found to be related with different genetic expression and mutation.

Aims: To evaluate any relation of grade and invasiveness of urothelial cancer with varied expression of immune histochemical marker p63 and her2/neu.

Materials and methods: The present study was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional study. This Study was conducted from July 2021 to April 2023 in the Urology department of a tertiary care hospital. Total 90 patients undergoing trans urethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) were included in this study.

Result: It was found that, patients who had decreased p63 expression had high grade in tumours (93.1%) compared to patients who were expressing normal p63 (32.8%) and this was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Tumours with decreased p63 also appeared to be more invasive, 62.1% were found to be muscle invasive. Tumours with her2 neu expression found to be more aggressive in nature, 85.7% had high grade features and 53.6% were muscle invasive.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that immunohistochemical expression of HER2/neu positive and decreased p63 expression were associated with high grade and invasiveness in case of bladder carcinoma.