Michele Dell’Aquila BS , Camilla S. Rossi MD , Tulio Caldonazo MD , Gianmarco Cancelli MD , Lamia Harik MD , Giovanni J. Soletti MD , Kevin R. An MD , Jordan Leith BS , Hristo Kirov MD , Mudathir Ibrahim MD , Michelle Demetres MLIS , Arnaldo Dimagli MD , Mohamed Rahouma MD, PhD , Mario Gaudino MD
{"title":"亚临床甲状腺功能减退症与心脏手术后的临床预后--系统回顾与 Meta 分析","authors":"Michele Dell’Aquila BS , Camilla S. Rossi MD , Tulio Caldonazo MD , Gianmarco Cancelli MD , Lamia Harik MD , Giovanni J. Soletti MD , Kevin R. An MD , Jordan Leith BS , Hristo Kirov MD , Mudathir Ibrahim MD , Michelle Demetres MLIS , Arnaldo Dimagli MD , Mohamed Rahouma MD, PhD , Mario Gaudino MD","doi":"10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Despite the recognized negative impact of SCH on cardiovascular health, research on cardiac postoperative outcomes with SCH has yielded conflicting results, and patients are not currently treated for SCH before cardiac surgery procedures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a study-level meta-analysis on the impact of SCH on patients undergoing nonurgent cardiac surgery, including coronary artery bypass grafting and valve and aortic surgery. The primary outcome was operative mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) stay, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use, renal complications, and long-term all-cause mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seven observational studies, with a total of 3445 patients, including 851 [24.7%] diagnosed with SCH and 2594 [75.3%] euthyroid patients) were identified. Compared to euthyroid patients, the patients with SCH had higher rates of operative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-6.04; <em>P</em> = .03), prolonged hospital LOS (standardized mean difference, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.02-0.62; <em>P</em> = .04), a higher rate of renal complications (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.74-3.69; <em>P</em> < .0001), but no significant differences in ICU stay, POAF, or IABP use. At mean follow-up of 49.3 months, the presence of SCH was associated with a higher rate of all-cause mortality (incidence rate ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.18-2.83; <em>P</em> = .02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients with SCH have higher operative mortality, prolonged hospital LOS, and increased renal complications after cardiac surgery. Achieving and maintaining a euthyroid state prior to and after cardiac surgery procedures might improve outcomes in these patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74032,"journal":{"name":"JTCVS open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666273624000445/pdfft?md5=3b18d9024bf9a93aa28a6acd31e1a7bc&pid=1-s2.0-S2666273624000445-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Subclinical hypothyroidism and clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis\",\"authors\":\"Michele Dell’Aquila BS , Camilla S. Rossi MD , Tulio Caldonazo MD , Gianmarco Cancelli MD , Lamia Harik MD , Giovanni J. Soletti MD , Kevin R. An MD , Jordan Leith BS , Hristo Kirov MD , Mudathir Ibrahim MD , Michelle Demetres MLIS , Arnaldo Dimagli MD , Mohamed Rahouma MD, PhD , Mario Gaudino MD\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.xjon.2024.02.009\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Despite the recognized negative impact of SCH on cardiovascular health, research on cardiac postoperative outcomes with SCH has yielded conflicting results, and patients are not currently treated for SCH before cardiac surgery procedures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a study-level meta-analysis on the impact of SCH on patients undergoing nonurgent cardiac surgery, including coronary artery bypass grafting and valve and aortic surgery. The primary outcome was operative mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) stay, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use, renal complications, and long-term all-cause mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seven observational studies, with a total of 3445 patients, including 851 [24.7%] diagnosed with SCH and 2594 [75.3%] euthyroid patients) were identified. Compared to euthyroid patients, the patients with SCH had higher rates of operative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-6.04; <em>P</em> = .03), prolonged hospital LOS (standardized mean difference, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.02-0.62; <em>P</em> = .04), a higher rate of renal complications (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.74-3.69; <em>P</em> < .0001), but no significant differences in ICU stay, POAF, or IABP use. At mean follow-up of 49.3 months, the presence of SCH was associated with a higher rate of all-cause mortality (incidence rate ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.18-2.83; <em>P</em> = .02).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients with SCH have higher operative mortality, prolonged hospital LOS, and increased renal complications after cardiac surgery. Achieving and maintaining a euthyroid state prior to and after cardiac surgery procedures might improve outcomes in these patients.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":74032,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"JTCVS open\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666273624000445/pdfft?md5=3b18d9024bf9a93aa28a6acd31e1a7bc&pid=1-s2.0-S2666273624000445-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"JTCVS open\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666273624000445\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JTCVS open","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666273624000445","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Subclinical hypothyroidism and clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Background
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events. Despite the recognized negative impact of SCH on cardiovascular health, research on cardiac postoperative outcomes with SCH has yielded conflicting results, and patients are not currently treated for SCH before cardiac surgery procedures.
Methods
We performed a study-level meta-analysis on the impact of SCH on patients undergoing nonurgent cardiac surgery, including coronary artery bypass grafting and valve and aortic surgery. The primary outcome was operative mortality. Secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) stay, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) use, renal complications, and long-term all-cause mortality.
Results
Seven observational studies, with a total of 3445 patients, including 851 [24.7%] diagnosed with SCH and 2594 [75.3%] euthyroid patients) were identified. Compared to euthyroid patients, the patients with SCH had higher rates of operative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-6.04; P = .03), prolonged hospital LOS (standardized mean difference, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.02-0.62; P = .04), a higher rate of renal complications (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.74-3.69; P < .0001), but no significant differences in ICU stay, POAF, or IABP use. At mean follow-up of 49.3 months, the presence of SCH was associated with a higher rate of all-cause mortality (incidence rate ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.18-2.83; P = .02).
Conclusions
Patients with SCH have higher operative mortality, prolonged hospital LOS, and increased renal complications after cardiac surgery. Achieving and maintaining a euthyroid state prior to and after cardiac surgery procedures might improve outcomes in these patients.