Porosity analysis of four bioceramic materials used for the repair of furcation perforations via micro-computed tomography.

Background: Porosity is a crucial parameter that affects the solubility, sealing and mechanical strength of a material. It plays a significant role in determining the success of treatment.

Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the porosity of different bioceramic-based materials, using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Material and methods: In the study, 76 permanent lower first or second molars that had been extracted for periodontal reasons and were free of calcification, resorption, root cavities, fractures, or cracks, with discrete roots and complete root apex development were selected. In each of the 4 experimental groups, perforations were made in the furcation areas of 19 molars. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Angelus®, EndoSequence® Root Repair Material (ERRM), Biodentine™, and BioAggregate were placed on the perforated areas of the samples and scanned with a micro-CT to evaluate porosity. The pore volume and the pore percentage with regard to the closed, open and total porosity of these repair materials were calculated individually in each sample.

Results: While no statistically significant differences were found between group I (MTA), group III (Biodentine) and group IV (BioAggregate) when evaluating the total pore percentage (p > 0.05), the parameter in group II (ERRM) was found to be significantly lower as compared to other groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: In comparison with the other materials used in this study, the use of ERRM may be more suitable for perforation repair.