Comparison of osteolysis around 3 different cement restrictors in total hip arthroplasty.

Background and aim: Several studies reported osteolysis around polyethylene glycol/polybutylene terephthalate (PEG/PBT) based femoral cement restrictors. Our goal was to evaluate and compare osteolysis around 3 different plug designs: the slow biodegradable PEG/PBT cement restrictor; the fast biodegradable gelatin cement restrictor; and the non-biodegradable polyethylene plug.

Patients and methods: In a retrospective multicentre cohort study chart data were extracted of patients who received a total hip arthroplasty between 2008 and 2012. A total of 961 hips were included. Cortical ratio between inner and outer cortices at the centre of the plug was measured on routine postoperative follow-up moments. Median follow up of all 3 hospitals was 3.5 years (1.4-7.3). The primary outcome was evidence of osteolysis (i.e. the difference in cortical ratio [CR]) on anteroposterior (AP) radiographs at final follow-up.

Results: Progressive osteolysis was found around the PEG/PBT cement restrictor represented by a significantly increasing cortical ratio (ΔCR 0.067 (95% CI, 0.063-0.071). Distance from tip prosthesis to plug and size of the plug were found to be independent factors in predicting increased cortical ratio.

Conclusions: Our multicentre cohort shows increase of cortical ratio around the PEG/PBT cement restrictor which progresses over time. Physicians should be aware of this fact and are advised to intensify follow-up of patients who received this cement restrictor.