2020 年埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴选定医疗机构中暴露于艾滋病毒的婴儿对预防母婴传播(PMTCT)计划的态度及其相关因素。回顾性横断面研究。

IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pediatrics and Neonatology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.07.009
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:2017 年,全球估计有 3690 万人(3110-4390 万)感染艾滋病毒,其中 1780 万为妇女,180 万(130-240 万)为 15 岁以下儿童。埃塞俄比亚以投资案例方法制定了一项艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防、护理和治疗战略计划,该计划已于 2015 年至 2020 年实施。该研究旨在评估接受预防母婴传播(PMTCT)后续治疗的感染艾滋病毒婴儿的治疗结果和风险因素:方法:进行了一项横断面回顾性研究。研究纳入了自2016年9月至2019年1月在圣保罗医院千禧医学院、Yekatit 12医院医学院和Selam卫生中心的抗逆转录病毒疗法和(预防母婴传播)门诊接受随访的所有HIV暴露婴儿。数据收集采用了精心设计的调查问卷,并查阅了母亲和婴儿的病历表和 HMIS 记录簿。对因变量和自变量之间的关联进行了描述性分析和逻辑回归分析。以 p 为结果,差异具有统计学意义:在登记的 302 名受 HIV 感染的婴儿中,有 27 人(8.9%)被诊断为 HIV 阳性。产妇在分娩过程中开始抗逆转录病毒疗法(AOR = 3.468,95% CI:1.22,13.34,p = 0.04)、婴儿频繁入院(AOR = 17.49,95% CI:5.41,56.2,p = 0.001)和混合喂养选择(AOR = 8.25,95% CI:2.212,30.77,p = 0.02)是艾滋病毒暴露婴儿艾滋病毒血清呈阳性的主要相关因素:与国家和世界卫生组织的目标相比,HIV 阳性母亲所生婴儿的 HIV 感染率较高。应提倡对所有感染艾滋病毒的婴儿进行纯母乳喂养,尤其是在埃塞俄比亚等资源有限的国家,因为腹泻病的发病率越来越高。
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Outcome of HIV exposed infants towards prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) program and its associated factors in selected health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Retrospective cross sectional study

Background

Globally, an estimated 36.9 million (31.1–43.9 million) people were living with HIV in 2017, of whom 17.8 million were women and 1.8 million (1.3–2.4 million) children under 15 years of age. Ethiopia has developed an HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and treatment strategic plan in an investment case approach that has been implemented from 2015 to 2020. The study aim was to assess the outcome and risk factors for HIV-exposed infants receiving Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) follow-up.

Method

A cross-sectional retrospective study was done. All HIV-exposed infants who were on follow-up in the ART and (PMTCT) clinics of St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, and Selam Health Center beginning from September 2016 to January 2019 were included. Data collection was done using a well-designed questionnaire and a review of mothers’ and infants’ medical record charts and HMIS log book. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Differences are considered statistically significant at p < 0.05, and their strength is presented using an odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.

Result

Among the 302 enrolled HIV-exposed infants, 27 (8.9%) were diagnosed as HIV positive. Maternal ART initiation during labor and delivery (AOR = 3.468, 95% CI: 1.22, 13.34, p = 0.04), frequent hospital admission of the infant (AOR = 17.49, 95% CI: 5.41, 56.2, p = 0.001), and mixed feeding option (AOR = 8.25, 95% CI: 2.212, 30.77, p = 0.02) were the major factors associated with positive HIV serostatus among HIV-exposed infants.

Conclusion

and Recommendation: The level of HIV infection among infants born to HIV-positive mothers is high as compared to the national and WHO goals. Exclusive breastfeeding should be advocated for all HIV-exposed infants, especially in resource-limited settings like Ethiopia due to the increased prevalence of diarrheal illness.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
170
审稿时长
48 days
期刊介绍: Pediatrics and Neonatology is the official peer-reviewed publication of the Taiwan Pediatric Association and The Society of Neonatology ROC, and is indexed in EMBASE and SCOPUS. Articles on clinical and laboratory research in pediatrics and related fields are eligible for consideration.
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