欧盟/欧洲经济区国家的难民、寻求庇护者和移民群体的传染病风险概况和疫情防控策略:对证据的系统性叙述性回顾。

IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI:10.7416/ai.2024.2610
Francesco Paolo Bianchi, Daniel Fiacchini, Emanuela Maria Frisicale, Renata Gili, Stefano Greco, Stefano Guicciardi, Matteo Riccò, Salvatore Zichichi, Nunzio Zotti, Silvio Tafuri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:最近,向欧洲联盟和欧洲经济区移民的人数激增,包括卫生政策在内的移民政策的制定已成为区域优先事项的重中之重。虽然移民一般不会对东道国人口的健康构成威胁,但包括难民、寻求庇护者和非正常移民在内的特定移民亚群特别容易感染传染病。为了支持这一领域的公共卫生政策,意大利卫生、预防医学和公共卫生学会的 "应急准备和管理 "工作组进行了一项系统的叙述性综述,目的是全面分析欧盟、欧洲经济区和欧盟申请国的难民和寻求庇护者群体的传染病风险:从 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 1 日的 MEDLINE/PubMed 数据库中的科学文章中系统地选取了 42 项研究。从所有可用研究中收集了难民和寻求庇护者中每种传染病的相关传染风险,以及预防和控制传染病爆发的策略:难民营、转运中心和临时住房设施的集中居住条件使这些人群特别容易感染传染病。因此,实施严格的卫生和预防措施对于保障难民的健康、降低可能影响难民和收容社区的疾病爆发风险至关重要:结论:针对移民、难民和寻求庇护者的有效疫苗接种和预防战略对于这些人群的公共卫生和福祉至关重要。应将其作为全民医疗保健的一部分。通过消除障碍和实施量身定制的计划,我们可以确保公平地获得疫苗并保护这些弱势群体的健康。
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Infectious risk profile and strategies for prevention and control of outbreaks in refugee, asylum seekers and migrant populations in EU/EEA countries: a systematic narrative review of evidence.

Introduction: The recent surge in migration to and within the European Union and European Economic Area has brought the development of migration policy, including health policy, to the forefront of regional priorities. While migrants, in general, do not pose a health threat to the host population, specific subgroups of migrants, including refugees, asylum seekers, and irregular migrants, are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases. To support public health policies in this area, the Emergency Preparedness and Management' working group of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health has conducted a systematic narrative review with the aim to comprehensively analyze the infectious disease risk within the refugee and asylum seeker populations in EU, EEA, and EU-applicant countries.

Methods: Forty-two studies were systematically selected from scientific articles in the MEDLINE/PubMed database from January 1, 2008, to June 1, 2023. The infectious risk associated with each infectious disease among refugees and asylum seekers, as well as the strategies to prevent and control outbreaks, was collected from all available studies.

Results: The congregate living conditions in refugee camps, transit centers, and temporary housing facilities make this population particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases. As such, implementing stringent hygiene and preventive measures is critical to safeguarding the health of refugees and reducing the risk of outbreaks that may affect both the refugee population and the host communities.

Conclusion: Effective vaccination and preventive strategies for migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers are vital for public health and the well-being of these populations. They should be delivered as part of universal health care. By addressing barriers and implementing tailored programs, we can ensure equitable access to vaccines and protect the health of these vulnerable individuals.

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Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita
Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-
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