人类,太像人类了?人类世叙事、后人类主义和 "后人类中心主义 "问题

Nandita Biswas Mellamphy, J. Vangeest
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摘要

当代叙事和反叙事在有关人类世危机的政策中发挥什么作用?鉴于 "人类 "在 "人类世 "中的中心地位,什么样的条件可以使 "后人类中心主义 "或 "非人类中心主义 "叙事成为可能?追溯主流叙事和反主流叙事的产生过程,叙事权力的争夺集中体现了人类在人类世中的作用。标准叙事--"强烈的人类中心主义"--维持着与 "控制 "和 "培育 "非人类有关的人文主义假设。与此相反,来自生态中心主义和后人文主义立场的反叙述则试图去中心化人类中心主义,以更加平等的方式应对 "人类世"。尽管这些反叙事试图去中心化人类的影响范围,但本文认为,这些反叙事维持了 "弱人类中心主义",因为它们维持了人类的意志和意向性。人类世危机的 "后人类中心主义 "或 "非人类中心主义 "叙事的产生需要超越人类的推测性行动:走向人类的废除和断绝。
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Human, all too human? Anthropocene narratives, posthumanisms, and the problem of “post-anthropocentrism”
What role do contemporary narratives and counter-narratives play in policy regarding the Anthropocene crisis? Given the centrality of the anthropos in the Anthropocene, what conditions might make possible a “post-anthropocentric” or “non-anthropocentric” narrative? Tracing the production of both dominant and counter-narratives, the struggle for narrative power centers the role of the anthropos in the Anthropocene. The standard narrative—“strong anthropocentrism”—maintains humanist assumptions relating to the “control” and “cultivation” of the non-human. In contrast, counter-narratives, from both alter-humanist eco-centric and post-humanist positions, attempt to de-center human-centrism toward more egalitarian responses to the Anthropocene. Despite these attempts at de-centering human spheres of influence, this article argues that these counter-narratives maintain a “weak anthropocentrism,” given their maintenance of human volition and intentionality. The production of “post-anthropocentric” or “non-anthropocentric” narratives of the Anthropocene crisis would require speculative moves beyond the human: toward human abolition and disconnection.
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