肿瘤背景下儿童白血病和淋巴瘤患者的存活率分析:2000-2022 年巴西圣保罗州流行病学研究

Pedro Emílio Gomes Prates, J. B. Alonso, Emilia Campos de Carvalho, Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio, C. M. Zamarioli
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:筛查、检测和开始治疗所需的时间是肿瘤治疗管理的决定性因素。可靠数据的提供可指导公共政策的决策,并评估这些政策的执行情况。目的分析 2000 年至 2022 年间儿科白血病和淋巴瘤患者的存活率和治疗效果。方法:流行病学描述性研究根据国际儿童癌症分类(ICCC),从圣保罗州肿瘤中心基金会(Fundação Oncocentro do Estado de São Paulo)提取数据,进行流行病学描述性研究。研究评估了从首次就诊到确诊之间的时间、从确诊到开始肿瘤治疗之间的时间,以及根据佩托-佩托试验计算的这些患者的生存率。结果:共分析了 12 030 个病例,其中 6 994 例为男性,7 292 例为白血病患者。白血病患者从就诊到确诊的时间超过 30 天的概率为 49.29%,淋巴瘤患者为 76.31%,这一结果对治疗和复发有显著影响(P < 0.001),但与性别无关;白血病患者从确诊到治疗的时间超过 60 天的概率为 38.04%,淋巴瘤患者为 71.97%。白血病和淋巴瘤患者在就诊后等待诊断期间,除手术、化疗和放疗联合治疗外,未接受治疗的比例很高(P < 0.001)。结论尽管医疗技术不断进步,但仍有相当比例的患者等待诊断和开始治疗的时间比预期的要长,从而影响了他们的生存率。
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Analysis of Survival of Pediatric Patients with Leukemias and Lymphomas in the Oncological Context: Epidemiological Study in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, 2000-2022
Introduction: The time taken for screening, detection and initiation of treatment is a determining factor for therapeutic management in oncology. The availability of reliable data guides decisions for public policies and evaluates compliance with these policies. Objective: To analyze the survival and outcomes of pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma from 2000 to 2022. Method: Epidemiological, descriptive study, with data extracted from Fundação Oncocentro do Estado de São Paulo, according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC). The time elapsed between the first consultation and diagnosis was evaluated, between diagnosis and the start of oncological treatment, and the survival of these patients, calculated according to the Peto-Peto test. Results: 12,030 cases were analyzed, 6,994 in males and 7,292 with leukemia. The probability of the time between consultation and diagnosis exceeds 30 days was 49.29% for leukemias and 76.31 for lymphomas, a significant result for treatment and relapses (p < 0.001) but not in relation to sex; the time between diagnosis and treatment exceeding 60 days was 38.04% for leukemias and 71.97% for lymphomas. Not undergoing treatment was significant (p < 0.001) while waiting for diagnosis after consultation for patients with leukemia and lymphomas, except surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy combined. Conclusion: Despite the advances, a considerable percentage of patients wait longer than expected for diagnosis and initiation of treatment, impacting their survival rates.
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