The Therapeutic Potential of Cytokine-Induced Killer in Patients with Cancer.

Despite the promising results of immunotherapy, further experiments need to be considered because of several factors ranging from physical barriers to off-tumor adverse effects. It is surprising that adoptive cellular immunotherapy, particularly dendritic cell and cytokine-induced killer (DC-CIK) therapy, is far less emphasized in the treatment of cancer diseases. DC-CIK therapy in cancer patients presents auspicious results with low or no side effects, which should not be overlooked. More interestingly, almost all DC-CIK clinical trials are ongoing in China that highlight the limitations of therapeutic strategies and require large-scale research. To date, it is advisable to consider combination therapy with chemotherapy since it has shown promising outcomes with higher efficacy. In this article, the efficacy of DC-CIK therapy in patients with cancer is summarized by underscoring the lack of experiments on soft cancers on an unprecedented scale. In brief, DC-CIK therapy is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for malignant and nonmalignant diseases that enhances short-term and long-term effects.