Folukemi Bosede Aladenola , Kanayo Patrick Osemene , Romanus Maduabuchi Ihekoronye
{"title":"社区药剂师参与计划生育服务的评估:非随机对照试验","authors":"Folukemi Bosede Aladenola , Kanayo Patrick Osemene , Romanus Maduabuchi Ihekoronye","doi":"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100430","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Background: Community pharmacists (CPs) are increasingly participating in family planning services (FPS) in different health systems but the underpinnings of effectiveness in these services remain poorly understood and rarely documented.</p><p>Objectives This study examined knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of FPS among CPs and assessed the impact of an intervention on these indices.</p><p>Methods: A nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted using two equivalent groups (<em>n</em> = 61 each) of randomly-selected CPs in Southwestern Nigeria. Intervention comprised a training package for the intervention group followed by a 2-month monitoring of participants' practices. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected using validated questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate descriptive (frequency, percentages, mean) and inferential statistics including chi-square test to examine association between categorical variables, and <em>t</em>-test to compare differences between means at alpha level of 0.05 for all statistical tests.</p><p>Results: Pre-intervention knowledge of FPS in both groups was poor with no significant difference in their mean scores [t (120) = 0.34; <em>p</em> = 0.74]. Post-intervention, 79% of intervention group demonstrated good knowledge (controls remained poor), with significant difference in mean knowledge scores across the groups [t (120) = −33.59; <em>p</em> < 0.05*]. Pre-intervention attitude in both control (97%) and intervention group (95%) were negative. Post-intervention, 93% of intervention group exhibited positive attitude (controls remained negative), Mean difference 72.8 [t (120) = −77.21; <em>p</em> < 0.05*]. Preintervention practice scores were poor in control (92%) and intervention (90%) groups. Post-intervention, 83.6% of intervention group had good practice scores (controls remained poor), Mean difference 48.9 [t (120) = −31.0; <em>p</em> < 0.05*].</p><p>Conclusion: Pre-intervention scores for KAP of FPS were poor among respondents. All the indices were significantly improved by the study intervention. Policy reforms are recommended to train CPs in the provision of FPS for enhanced reproductive health services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73003,"journal":{"name":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624000258/pdfft?md5=f701069a9d83367e36723f1b64384fc8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667276624000258-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Evaluation of the participation of community pharmacists in family planning services: A nonrandomized controlled trial\",\"authors\":\"Folukemi Bosede Aladenola , Kanayo Patrick Osemene , Romanus Maduabuchi Ihekoronye\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100430\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Background: Community pharmacists (CPs) are increasingly participating in family planning services (FPS) in different health systems but the underpinnings of effectiveness in these services remain poorly understood and rarely documented.</p><p>Objectives This study examined knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of FPS among CPs and assessed the impact of an intervention on these indices.</p><p>Methods: A nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted using two equivalent groups (<em>n</em> = 61 each) of randomly-selected CPs in Southwestern Nigeria. Intervention comprised a training package for the intervention group followed by a 2-month monitoring of participants' practices. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected using validated questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate descriptive (frequency, percentages, mean) and inferential statistics including chi-square test to examine association between categorical variables, and <em>t</em>-test to compare differences between means at alpha level of 0.05 for all statistical tests.</p><p>Results: Pre-intervention knowledge of FPS in both groups was poor with no significant difference in their mean scores [t (120) = 0.34; <em>p</em> = 0.74]. Post-intervention, 79% of intervention group demonstrated good knowledge (controls remained poor), with significant difference in mean knowledge scores across the groups [t (120) = −33.59; <em>p</em> < 0.05*]. Pre-intervention attitude in both control (97%) and intervention group (95%) were negative. Post-intervention, 93% of intervention group exhibited positive attitude (controls remained negative), Mean difference 72.8 [t (120) = −77.21; <em>p</em> < 0.05*]. Preintervention practice scores were poor in control (92%) and intervention (90%) groups. Post-intervention, 83.6% of intervention group had good practice scores (controls remained poor), Mean difference 48.9 [t (120) = −31.0; <em>p</em> < 0.05*].</p><p>Conclusion: Pre-intervention scores for KAP of FPS were poor among respondents. All the indices were significantly improved by the study intervention. Policy reforms are recommended to train CPs in the provision of FPS for enhanced reproductive health services.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":73003,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624000258/pdfft?md5=f701069a9d83367e36723f1b64384fc8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667276624000258-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624000258\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667276624000258","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:本研究考察了社区药剂师对计划生育服务的认识、态度和实践(KAP),并评估了干预措施对这些指标的影响:在尼日利亚西南部随机选择了两组同等水平的 CPs(每组 61 人)进行了非随机对照试验。干预措施包括为干预组提供一套培训教材,然后对参与者的做法进行为期 2 个月的监测。干预前和干预后的数据均使用经过验证的调查问卷收集,并使用适当的描述性(频率、百分比、平均值)和推论性统计方法进行分析,包括使用卡方检验(chi-square test)检查分类变量之间的关联,以及使用 t 检验(t-test)比较平均值之间的差异,所有统计检验的阿尔法水平均为 0.05:两组受试者在干预前对 FPS 的了解程度较低,平均得分差异不大[t (120) = 0.34; p = 0.74]。干预后,79%的干预组表现出良好的知识水平(对照组仍然较差),各组的平均知识得分差异显著[t (120) = -33.59; p <0.05*]。干预前,对照组(97%)和干预组(95%)的态度都是消极的。干预后,93% 的干预组表现出积极态度(对照组仍为消极态度),平均差异为 72.8 [t (120) = -77.21; p <0.05*]。干预前,对照组(92%)和干预组(90%)的练习得分较低。干预后,83.6%的干预组实践得分良好(对照组仍然较差),平均差异为 48.9 [t (120) = -31.0; p < 0.05*]:结论:受访者在干预前对家庭防护系统的 KAP 评分较低。结论:受访者在干预前对家庭防护系统 KAP 的评分较低,干预后所有指标均有明显改善。建议进行政策改革,培训 CPs 提供 FPS,以加强生殖健康服务。
Evaluation of the participation of community pharmacists in family planning services: A nonrandomized controlled trial
Background: Community pharmacists (CPs) are increasingly participating in family planning services (FPS) in different health systems but the underpinnings of effectiveness in these services remain poorly understood and rarely documented.
Objectives This study examined knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of FPS among CPs and assessed the impact of an intervention on these indices.
Methods: A nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted using two equivalent groups (n = 61 each) of randomly-selected CPs in Southwestern Nigeria. Intervention comprised a training package for the intervention group followed by a 2-month monitoring of participants' practices. Pre- and post-intervention data were collected using validated questionnaire and analyzed using appropriate descriptive (frequency, percentages, mean) and inferential statistics including chi-square test to examine association between categorical variables, and t-test to compare differences between means at alpha level of 0.05 for all statistical tests.
Results: Pre-intervention knowledge of FPS in both groups was poor with no significant difference in their mean scores [t (120) = 0.34; p = 0.74]. Post-intervention, 79% of intervention group demonstrated good knowledge (controls remained poor), with significant difference in mean knowledge scores across the groups [t (120) = −33.59; p < 0.05*]. Pre-intervention attitude in both control (97%) and intervention group (95%) were negative. Post-intervention, 93% of intervention group exhibited positive attitude (controls remained negative), Mean difference 72.8 [t (120) = −77.21; p < 0.05*]. Preintervention practice scores were poor in control (92%) and intervention (90%) groups. Post-intervention, 83.6% of intervention group had good practice scores (controls remained poor), Mean difference 48.9 [t (120) = −31.0; p < 0.05*].
Conclusion: Pre-intervention scores for KAP of FPS were poor among respondents. All the indices were significantly improved by the study intervention. Policy reforms are recommended to train CPs in the provision of FPS for enhanced reproductive health services.