龋齿是中国西北甘肃地区全新世中晚期不同适应策略的证据

Letian He, Guoke Chen, Yishi Yang, Jianing He, Elizabeth Berger
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摘要

中国西北部甘肃-青海地区的自然环境呈现出空间差异,导致不同地理区域的人群具有不同的适应策略。在本研究中,我们通过研究龋齿数据,分析了10个不同的中晚期古人类群体龋齿流行的非同步趋势和地区差异,探讨了不同适应策略与龋齿频率之间的相关性。龋齿频率数据用于比较不同人群之间的龋齿情况,并采用卡方检验(Chi-square test)来检测统计差异。研究采用了多学科方法来探讨这些变化与该地区人群所采取的适应策略之间的关系。结果表明,随着时间的推移,甘肃东部地区的龋病患病率逐渐上升,这与粟作农业的发展和社会等级制度相适应。在河西走廊地区,龋病流行率因气候变异、人口迁移和制度变化而呈现波动。该研究提出,各种社会和环境因素导致的适应策略的变化反映在人类牙齿上,同时也提出了一个新的尝试,即通过汇总一个大型、多地点的生物考古数据集来研究中国西北地区全新世人群与古环境之间的相互作用。
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Carious lesions as evidence for different adaptation strategies during the middle-late Holocene in the Gansu region, northwest China
The natural environment of the Gansu-Qinghai region in northwest China exhibits spatial variation, resulting in distinct adaptive strategies among populations in different geographical areas. In this study, we analyzed the diachronic trend and regional variations in caries prevalence among 10 different middle and late-Holocene groups by examining dental caries data to explore the correlation between different adaptation strategies and caries frequency. Frequency data was used to compare dental caries between populations, and the Chi-square test was employed to detect statistical differences. A multidisciplinary approach was employed to investigate the relationship between these changes and the adaptive strategies adopted by the populations in this region. The result shows that there was a gradual increase in caries prevalence over time in eastern Gansu, which corresponded with development of millet farming and social hierarchy. In the Hexi Corridor, caries prevalence exhibited fluctuations attributable to climate variability, human migration, and regime change. The research proposes that changes in adaptive strategies due to various social and environmental factors are reflected in human teeth, while also presenting a novel endeavor of aggregating a large, multisite bioarchaeological dataset in order to investigate the interactions between Holocene populations and palaeoenvironments in northwest China.
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