Multiparameter Bifurcation Analysis of Power Systems Integrating Large-Scale Solar Photovoltaic and Wind Farms Power Plants

In this paper, we propose a novel codimension-three-parameter bifurcation analysis of equilibria and limit cycles when integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) power plants with an exponential static load model. The study investigates the effect of solar photovoltaic generation margin, wind power generation margin, and loading factor on the local bifurcation of the modified IEEE nine-bus system. The proposed technique considers the real case of the West System Coordination Council (WSCC), the western states of the USA, by using specific models of RES power plants and static loads. The proposed technique helps to create a set of linearly varying parameters for critical operating points of nonlinear systems. The study explores detailed voltage stability analysis through the examination of bifurcation diagrams. The Hopf, limit-induced, and saddle-node bifurcation branches are identified, defining the parameter space’s stable and unstable operational regions. Additionally, the stability regions surrounding the equilibrium points are diligently explored, clarifying the consequences that various bifurcations may exert on these regions. The study offered in this proposed work aids in determining the best ways to monitor and improve these margins while considering system variables and load design.