克服哥斯达黎加一家公立医院在实施中风护理康复过程中遇到的障碍

Beatriz Coto-Solano
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摘要

脑卒中是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题,在这些国家,脑卒中的发病率很高,而用于治疗的资源却往往有限。虽然在改善中风护理方面取得了进展,但在为中风幸存者提供充分的康复护理方面仍存在许多障碍。在本文中,我们研究了哥斯达黎加的情况,以及近年来如何解决中风护理问题。在开展中风康复工作时,必须考虑哥斯达黎加的特殊性。社会化医疗系统的存在以及急性中风治疗方案的整合,使得早期阶段的治疗得以充分进行。除此之外,家庭在康复中也发挥着关键作用,尤其是在一个缺乏中度和长期康复中心的国家。因此,为家庭提供培训和教育对中风病例管理至关重要。展望未来,仍然需要在全国医疗系统内制定统一的中风康复方案,确保公平的医疗服 务,并整合多学科小组。与此同时,技术的应用也迫在眉睫,尤其是考虑到这些技术在减少候诊人数方面的潜力。另一个目标是加强与其他国家实体和非政府组织的协调,促进中风患者重新融入社区、劳动或教育。
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Overcoming barriers in the implementation of stroke care rehabilitation in a public hospital in Costa Rica
Stroke is a major public health concern in developing countries, where the burden of the disease is high and resources for care are often limited. While progress has been made in improving stroke care, many barriers still exist in providing adequate rehabilitation care for stroke survivors. In this paper we study the case of Costa Rica and how stroke care has been addressed in recent years. It is important to consider the particularities of Costa Rica when working on stroke rehabilitation. The existence of a socialized healthcare system, along with the consolidation of acute stroke management protocols, allows for the adequate management of the early stages. In addition to this, families play a key role in rehabilitation, particularly for a country where there is a lack of medium stay and long-stay rehabilitation centers. Therefore, providing training and education for families is essential in stroke case management. Looking toward the future, there is still a pending need to generate homogeneous stroke rehabilitation protocols throughout the national healthcare system, to ensure equitable access to health care, and to consolidate multidisciplinary groups. At the same time, the implementation of technologies is urgent, particularly considering their potential to help reduce waiting lists. Another goal is enhancing coordination with other state entities and NGOs to advance community, labor or educational reintegration of stroke patients.
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