从社会认知理论的视角,绘制关于道德脱离的国家研究地图

Sarah Rodrigues Silva, Elison Carmo Da Costa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

道德脱离是指脱离道德标准,对反社会和伤害他人的行为进行自我制裁,而不进行自我谴责或改变自尊。基于这一概念,我们旨在了解过去十年(2013-2023 年)巴西各大学研究生课程中有关该主题的内容。我们对这些研究进行了定量调查和定性分析,并进行了系统性回顾。以 "道德脱离 "为关键词,搜索了 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 4 月期间 CAPES 论文目录中的论文。选定作品后,对其进行了定量和定性分析。分析了在十所大学(九所公立大学和一所私立大学)答辩的五篇博士论文和十二篇硕士论文,这些大学主要来自东南部和东北部地区,重点是坎皮纳斯州立大学和马拉尼昂联邦大学。心理学、教育、教学、行政管理、公共安全和科技政策等领域的研究尤为突出。数据显示,定性、探索性、描述性和相关性出版物较多。发现的主要议题有:教育、暴力、攻击、工作、技术。被引用最多的道德脱离机制是道德辩护和受害者自责。教育领域的论文涉及社会攻击、欺凌、帮助受害者的行为、校园暴力、足球运动中的种族偏见、帮助学生和教师在初始和继续培训中识别、理解、反思和促进道德脱离所使用的认知机制的变化。
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MAPEANDO PESQUISAS NACIONAIS SOBRE DESENGAJAMENTO MORAL NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA SOCIAL COGNITIVA
Moral Disengagement consists in the detachment of moral standards and self-sanctions for committing antisocial and harmful actions to others, without self-condemnation or changes in self-esteem. Based on this concept, it was aimed to obtain a mapping of what was produced on the topic in the Graduate Programs of Brazilian universities over the last ten years (2013-2023). A systematic review was carried out, with a quantitative survey of the studies and their qualitative analysis. The descriptor “moral disengagement” was used to search for theses and dissertations in the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations, between December 2022 and April 2023. The works were selected, followed by their quantitative and qualitative analysis. Five Doctoral dissertations and 12 Master’s theses were analyzed, defended in ten universities (nine public and one private), mainly from the Southeast and Northeast regions, with emphasis on the State University of Campinas and the Federal University of Maranhão. Studies in the areas of Psychology, Education, Teaching, Administration, Public Security and Scientific and Technological Policy stand out. Data shows more qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and correlational publications. The main topics found were: education, violence, aggression, work, technology. The most cited Moral Disengagement mechanisms were Moral Justification and Victim Blaming. The contributions in the area of Education were related to social aggression, bullying, behavior of helping victims, violence in the school context, racial prejudice in football, helping students and teachers in initial and continuing training to identify, understand, reflect and promote changes in the cognitive mechanisms used in Moral Disengagement.
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