钙传感受体在生理学和钙化性疾病中调节甲状旁腺激素分泌的作用

D. A. Marmalyuk, G. Runova, V. V. Fadeyev
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引用次数: 0

摘要

甲状旁腺激素(PTH)在调节钙磷代谢中起着关键作用。PTH的分泌受钙感受体(CaSR)调节,CaSR主要表达于甲状旁腺和肾脏的肾小管。细胞外基质中钙浓度的增加会导致 CaSR 被激活。激活的 CaSR 会抑制 PTH 的分泌,并增加尿钙的排泄。CaSR 的所有作用都能防止高钙血症并发症的发生。CASR 表达下调和/或 CaSR 功能改变会导致 PTH 合成失调。这可能是导致原发性和继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症以及与 CaSR 功能缺失和增益突变相关的多种遗传性疾病的根本原因。在本文中,我们将讨论 CaSR 在生理学中的功能,以及在各种钙化性疾病中 CaSR 诱导的信号转导受损的潜在机制。
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The role of the calcium-sensing receptor in the regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion in physiology and in calcitropic diseases
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a key role in the regulation of calcium-phosphate metabolism. The secretion of PTH is regulated by calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which primarily expressed in the parathyroid glands and the renal tubules of the kidney. Increase of calcium concentration in extracellular matrix of cells is causing activation of the CaSR. Activated CaSR inhibits secretion of PTH and increases urinary calcium excretion. All CaSR effects leads to prevent development of hypercalcemia complications. Downregulation of the CASR expression and/or altered CaSR functioning leads to dysregulation of PTH synthesis. It may be the underlying cause of the development of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, as well as a number of hereditary diseases associated with loss- and gain-of-function mutations of the CaSR. In this paper we discusses the function of the CaSR in physiology and also the potential mechanisms that can impaired CaSR-induced signaling in various calcitropic diseases.
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