Robert D. Friedberg, Megan Neelley, Tia Lee, Runze Chen, Isabella Xie, Joe Zucker, Alanna Greenberger
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Paradigms and Practice Shifts: A Topical Narrative Review of the
Evolving Face of Exposure-Based Treatment for Youth
Exposure therapy is the gold standard treatment for anxiety and obsessivecompulsive disorders in children, adolescents, and adults. Inhibitory Learning Theory offers a nuanced and advanced perspective on exposure treatment positing that violating
threat expectancies is more important than habituation. This paper highlights the effectiveness of inhibitory learning theory-guided exposure procedures for youth with anxiety and
OCD, chronic pain, and eating disorders. A topical review focusing on the theoretical
foundations of inhibitory learning theory, crucial augmentations of the approach, and outcomes with pediatric patients diagnosed with anxiety, eating, and pain disorders is presented. The literature review indicated that inhibitory learning theory-driven exposure produced beneficent outcomes in the identified populations. Various limitations and future
directions were discussed. Limitations notwithstanding, inhibitory learning theory-led exposure represents a viable treatment option for pediatric patients with anxiety, eating, and
chronic pain disorders.