{"title":"根据前茬作物对冬大麦适应性参数的研究结果","authors":"I. Zasypkina, А. Dontsova","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-90-1-48-54","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The development and wide distribution of new adaptive varieties in production is a promising and environmentally friendly way for the development of agriculture. A new, more modern, highly productive variety can ensure increased productivity, resistance of crops to stress factors, and promotes better use of natural and anthropogenic resources. The leading direction in breeding in the nearest future should be not the development of varieties in general, adapted to growing conditions, but the identification of varieties adapted to the stress-limiting environmental factors of a particular region, adaptive to the challenges of nature. In addition to the characteristics of the variety and environmental conditions, the forecrop also influences its productivity. Selection in some conditions may not reveal the potential of the genotype in others, which makes it important to obtain information on different growing environments of varieties at the early stages of breeding. The purpose of the current study was to determine the adaptive properties of promising winter barley varieties and lines according to various forecrops. The study was carried out from 2021 to 2023 to estimate the adaptability parameters of 20 winter barley varieties and lines developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” for various forecrops (weedfree fallow, peas, sunflower, winter wheat). To determine the indicators of homeostaticity (Hom) and selection value (Sc), stress resistance (Ymin–Ymax) and genetic flexibility ((Ymax+Ymin)/2), the coefficient of responsiveness to favorable growing conditions (Kr) and the indicator of the stability level of the variety (VSLI), there have been applied the methods of V.V. Khangildin and N.A. Litvinenko (1981), A.A. Rosielle and J. Hamblina as presented by A.A. Goncharenko (2005), V.A. Zykin (2005), E.D. Nettevich (2001). According to all forecrops, there have been identified the varieties distinguished by high parameters of environmental adaptability and stability. Stress-resistant genotypes included the lines ‘Parallelum 2016’ and ‘Parallelum 2017’ (Ymin–Ymax = 1.2, 1.1, respectively), which were distinguished by a set of stability indicators and have been recommended for use in the breeding process as sources of high stress resistance, low yield variability, capable of minimizing negative impact of growing conditions. The variety ‘Step’ proved to be adaptable (regression coefficient bi = 1.5), genetically flexible ((Ymin–Ymax)/2 = 7.7), and highly responsive to growing conditions (Kr = 1.53). The dynamics of productivity corresponded to changes in growing conditions, and to maximize a productivity level, there has been recommended to cultivate it on intensive forecrops.","PeriodicalId":508743,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Study results of the parameters of winter barley adaptability according to forecrops\",\"authors\":\"I. Zasypkina, А. Dontsova\",\"doi\":\"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-90-1-48-54\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The development and wide distribution of new adaptive varieties in production is a promising and environmentally friendly way for the development of agriculture. A new, more modern, highly productive variety can ensure increased productivity, resistance of crops to stress factors, and promotes better use of natural and anthropogenic resources. The leading direction in breeding in the nearest future should be not the development of varieties in general, adapted to growing conditions, but the identification of varieties adapted to the stress-limiting environmental factors of a particular region, adaptive to the challenges of nature. In addition to the characteristics of the variety and environmental conditions, the forecrop also influences its productivity. Selection in some conditions may not reveal the potential of the genotype in others, which makes it important to obtain information on different growing environments of varieties at the early stages of breeding. The purpose of the current study was to determine the adaptive properties of promising winter barley varieties and lines according to various forecrops. The study was carried out from 2021 to 2023 to estimate the adaptability parameters of 20 winter barley varieties and lines developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” for various forecrops (weedfree fallow, peas, sunflower, winter wheat). To determine the indicators of homeostaticity (Hom) and selection value (Sc), stress resistance (Ymin–Ymax) and genetic flexibility ((Ymax+Ymin)/2), the coefficient of responsiveness to favorable growing conditions (Kr) and the indicator of the stability level of the variety (VSLI), there have been applied the methods of V.V. Khangildin and N.A. Litvinenko (1981), A.A. Rosielle and J. Hamblina as presented by A.A. Goncharenko (2005), V.A. Zykin (2005), E.D. Nettevich (2001). According to all forecrops, there have been identified the varieties distinguished by high parameters of environmental adaptability and stability. Stress-resistant genotypes included the lines ‘Parallelum 2016’ and ‘Parallelum 2017’ (Ymin–Ymax = 1.2, 1.1, respectively), which were distinguished by a set of stability indicators and have been recommended for use in the breeding process as sources of high stress resistance, low yield variability, capable of minimizing negative impact of growing conditions. The variety ‘Step’ proved to be adaptable (regression coefficient bi = 1.5), genetically flexible ((Ymin–Ymax)/2 = 7.7), and highly responsive to growing conditions (Kr = 1.53). The dynamics of productivity corresponded to changes in growing conditions, and to maximize a productivity level, there has been recommended to cultivate it on intensive forecrops.\",\"PeriodicalId\":508743,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Grain Economy of Russia\",\"volume\":\"7 12\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Grain Economy of Russia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-90-1-48-54\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Grain Economy of Russia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-90-1-48-54","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
开发适应性强的新品种并在生产中广泛推广,是农业发展的一条大有可为的环保之路。更现代化、高产的新品种可确保提高生产力,增强作物对胁迫因素的抵抗力,并促进更好地利用自然和人为资源。在不久的将来,育种的主导方向不应是开发适应生长条件的一般品种,而应是确定适应特定地区胁迫限制环境因素的品种,以适应大自然的挑战。除了品种特性和环境条件外,前作也会影响其产量。在某些条件下进行的选育可能无法揭示基因型在其他条件下的潜力,因此在育种早期阶段获取品种不同生长环境的信息非常重要。本研究的目的是根据各种前茬作物确定有潜力的冬大麦品种和品系的适应性。研究时间为 2021 年至 2023 年,目的是估算由 FSBSI "顿斯科伊 "农业研究中心培育的 20 个冬大麦品种和品系对各种前茬作物(无杂草休耕地、豌豆、向日葵、冬小麦)的适应性参数。为了确定平衡性指标(Hom)和选择值指标(Sc)、抗逆性指标(Ymin-Ymax)和遗传灵活性指标((Ymax+Ymin)/2)、对有利生长条件的反应系数(Kr)和品种稳定性指标(VSLI),应用了 V. V. Khangildin 和 N. N. N. N. 的方法。V. Khangildin 和 N.A. Litvinenko (1981)、A.A. Rosielle 和 J. Hamblina(A.A. Goncharenko (2005)、V.A. Zykin (2005)、E.D. Nettevich (2001)提出的方法。在所有前茬作物中,已确定了环境适应性和稳定性参数较高的品种。抗逆基因型包括品系 "Parallelum 2016 "和 "Parallelum 2017"(Ymin-Ymax 分别为 1.2 和 1.1)。事实证明,品种 "Step "适应性强(回归系数 bi = 1.5),遗传灵活((Ymin-Ymax)/2 = 7.7),对生长条件反应灵敏(Kr = 1.53)。生产力的动态变化与生长条件的变化相一致,为了最大限度地提高生产力水平,建议在集约化前茬作物上种植该品种。
Study results of the parameters of winter barley adaptability according to forecrops
The development and wide distribution of new adaptive varieties in production is a promising and environmentally friendly way for the development of agriculture. A new, more modern, highly productive variety can ensure increased productivity, resistance of crops to stress factors, and promotes better use of natural and anthropogenic resources. The leading direction in breeding in the nearest future should be not the development of varieties in general, adapted to growing conditions, but the identification of varieties adapted to the stress-limiting environmental factors of a particular region, adaptive to the challenges of nature. In addition to the characteristics of the variety and environmental conditions, the forecrop also influences its productivity. Selection in some conditions may not reveal the potential of the genotype in others, which makes it important to obtain information on different growing environments of varieties at the early stages of breeding. The purpose of the current study was to determine the adaptive properties of promising winter barley varieties and lines according to various forecrops. The study was carried out from 2021 to 2023 to estimate the adaptability parameters of 20 winter barley varieties and lines developed by the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” for various forecrops (weedfree fallow, peas, sunflower, winter wheat). To determine the indicators of homeostaticity (Hom) and selection value (Sc), stress resistance (Ymin–Ymax) and genetic flexibility ((Ymax+Ymin)/2), the coefficient of responsiveness to favorable growing conditions (Kr) and the indicator of the stability level of the variety (VSLI), there have been applied the methods of V.V. Khangildin and N.A. Litvinenko (1981), A.A. Rosielle and J. Hamblina as presented by A.A. Goncharenko (2005), V.A. Zykin (2005), E.D. Nettevich (2001). According to all forecrops, there have been identified the varieties distinguished by high parameters of environmental adaptability and stability. Stress-resistant genotypes included the lines ‘Parallelum 2016’ and ‘Parallelum 2017’ (Ymin–Ymax = 1.2, 1.1, respectively), which were distinguished by a set of stability indicators and have been recommended for use in the breeding process as sources of high stress resistance, low yield variability, capable of minimizing negative impact of growing conditions. The variety ‘Step’ proved to be adaptable (regression coefficient bi = 1.5), genetically flexible ((Ymin–Ymax)/2 = 7.7), and highly responsive to growing conditions (Kr = 1.53). The dynamics of productivity corresponded to changes in growing conditions, and to maximize a productivity level, there has been recommended to cultivate it on intensive forecrops.