传播在解决重大社会问题方面能发挥什么作用?

H. Hoeken
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摘要

传播在解决重大社会问题方面能发挥什么作用?传播为人类提供了良好的服务。因此,传播被认为是改变人类行为的有效工具,是解决世界面临的重大问题所必需的,这是有道理的。然而,要改变与气候变化、健康或环境有关的行为,就必须改变人们根深蒂固的、带有强烈情感色彩的观念。最近的研究对说服性信息能否带来这种改变提出了质疑:由于信息与人们现有的信念不同,这些信息往往会被认为是不可信的而被摒弃;即使人们愿意研究这些论点,在大多数情况下,许多人也缺乏理解这些论点的能力。而那些有能力的人,则倾向于对这些论点进行更严格的评估。传播或许可以在促成必要的变革方面发挥重要作用,但其本身并不是一种工具。
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Welke rol kan communicatie spelen bij het oplossen van grote maatschappelijke problemen?
What role can communication play in solving big societal issues? Communication has served humanity well. It thus makes sense that communication is perceived as a promising instrument for bringing about changes in human behavior that are necessary to solve major problems facing the world. However, to change behavior related to climate change, health, or the environment will require changing deeply held and emotionally charged beliefs. Recent research questions the ability of persuasive messages to bring about such changes: because the information differs from one’s existing beliefs, the message is often dismissed as unbelievable; and even if people are willing to look at the arguments, many in most cases lack the ability to appreciate those arguments. And those who are able to do so, are inclined to evaluate these arguments more critically. Communication probably can play an important role in bringing about the necessary changes but not as an instrument in itself.
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