管理地区数字交通基础设施

Svetlana Pyankova, Ekaterina S. Zakolyukina
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摘要

世界社会经济形势,尤其是俄罗斯联邦的社会经济形势的特点是,社会生活各个领域的流动性不断增强,经济联系不断扩大。为保持竞争优势,一个地区应确保有效的通信线路和高度发达的交通系统。本文研究了俄罗斯地区层面的交通基础设施管理问题。理论框架包括公共管理和数字化转型概念以及空间发展理论。本文采用了综合法、专家评估法和最小-最大标准化法。从俄罗斯联邦国家统计局(Rosstat)获取了 2016-2021 年的统计数据。研究发现,目前评估交通基础设施的方法不符合包括数字化转型在内的全球社会发展潮流。在本文中,我们提出了评估数字交通基础设施(DTI)的新方法,建议根据交通、教育、信息和通信以及创新四个子指数计算地区 DTI 的综合指数。该研究提供了 2016 至 2021 年期间俄罗斯所有联邦地区的综合指数,表明各地区严重落后于中心地区,创新、信息与通信技术和教育的发展水平不足。
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Managing digital transport infrastructure of a region
The socio-economic situation in the world and the Russian Federation in particular is characterized by increasing mobility in all spheres of public life and the expansion of economic ties. To maintain its competitive advantages, a territory should ensure effective communication lines and a highly developed transport system. The paper investigates the issues of transport infrastructure management in Russia at regional level. The theoretical framework includes the concepts of public management and digital transformation, as well as spatial development theory. The methods of synthesis, expert assessment, and min-max normalization were used. Statistical data were retrieved from the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) for 2016–2021. It was found that the current methodologies for assessing transport infrastructure are not in line with the global trends in the social development, including digital transformation. In the paper, we come up with a new methodology for assessing digital transport infrastructure (DTI) which suggests calculating a composite index of the region’s DTI based on four subindices: transport, education, information and communication, and innovation. The study provides composite indices for Russia’s all federal districts for the period from 2016 to 2021 indicating that the regions are seriously lagging behind the center, and the development level of innovation, ICT and education is insufficient.
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