Hypofractionated Partial Breast Irradiation With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Early Breast Cancer or Carcinoma In Situ: An Investigational Short-Term Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes and adverse effects of moderately hypofractionated partial breast irradiation (PBI) in patients with early breast cancer.

Methods: In total, 473 patients with early breast cancer or carcinoma in situ were diagnosed with Tis or T1N0 disease and underwent PBI following breast-conserving surgery. All histologic tumor types, close surgical margins within 1 mm of the tumor, and multifocal tumors were included in this study. A radiation dose of 50 Gy in 20 fractions was delivered over 4 weeks using intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique. Dosimetric data, recurrence patterns, survival outcomes, and adverse events were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: During a median follow-up of 28.9 months, seven patients (1.5%) experienced ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). Two patients had regional recurrence, four patients developed contralateral breast cancer, and no distant metastases were observed. The locoregional recurrence rate in the ipsilateral breast was 1.8%. Two deaths occurred during the follow-up period, but were not attributed to breast cancer. The 2-year disease-free survival and 2-year overall survival rates were was 94.0% and 99.8%, respectively. Acute adverse events occurred in 131 patients (27.1%), and were distributed among all grades, with only two patients (0.4%) experiencing grade 3 events. Late adverse events were noted in 16 patients (3.4%), and were distributed among all grades, including grade 3 events in four patients (0.8%). No grade 4 or 5 events were observed.

Conclusion: Hypofractionated PBI demonstrated favorable IBTR rates in patients with early breast cancer, with low incidence of acute and late toxicities in the short-term analysis.