组织行为管理:行为分析传统工作领域的补充和替代。

Postepy psychiatrii neurologii Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI:10.5114/ppn.2023.135981
Paweł Bakalarz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本文旨在从三个方面向行为专家介绍组织行为管理(OBM)这一分支学科的概况。首先,组织行为管理(OBM)是应用行为分析(Applied Behavior Analysis)这一大领域的一个分支。它还有另外两个方面:它可以补充行为分析师的传统技能,也可以成为行为分析师的替代职业之一:行为专家主要教授有特殊需求的人群,在波兰尤其如此。无论是在特殊教育、社会援助或特定的医疗保健领域,还是在自闭症幼儿或智障成人中,这都是大多数行为分析师的工作领域。同时,他们经常需要在团队中熟练地合作,有时还需要管理团队,或指导那些他们通常接触不到的人,如团队中的新成员、家长和其他专家。开放式管理可以被视为满足这些需求的补充背景。它也是一条可能的替代职业道路,有独特的客户群和旗舰期刊,以及行为分析的特定程序、该领域的专家和专业:不同的客户群体、不同的指导技术和反应泛化知识都表明,传统的行为分析师在开放式行为管理所涵盖的领域可能会处于劣势:即在领导和培训典型发展型客户的管理和团队方面。行为分析师需要有开放式管理的背景,否则他们可能会 "重新发明开放式管理的轮子",或者--更糟糕的是--将他们的经验一对一地应用于特殊人群,并带来有害的假设。
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Organizational Behavior Management: a supplement and alternative to traditional areas of work in the analysis of behavior.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present to a community of behavior specialists, an overview of the subdiscipline of Organizational Behavior Management (OBM) in three aspects. First, OBM is a sub-branch of the larger field of Applied Behavior Analysis. It also has two other aspects: it can complement the traditional set of skills useful to behavior analysts or be one of the alternative careers for them.

Views: Behavior specialists predominantly, and especially in Poland, teach populations with special needs. Whether this is in special education, social assistance or select areas of health care, with young children with autism or adults with intellectual disability, this is where most behavior analysts work. At the same time, they often need to skillfully cooperate in teams, sometimes manage them or instruct people other than those with whom they are usually in contact, such as new team members, parents, and other specialists. OBM can be seen as a supplementary background that answers these needs. It is also a possible alternative career path, with a distinct client base and flagship journal, as well as specific procedures in behavior analysis, experts in the field and specialisms.

Conclusions: Different client populations, variations in instruction techniques and knowledge of response generalization all point to that conclusion that traditional behavior analysts might be largely at a disadvantage in the area covered by OBM: that of a management and team leading and training typically developing clients. Behavior analysts require a background in OBM, otherwise they might "reinvent the OBM wheel" or - which is worse - apply their experiences one-to-one with special populations and bring with them harmful assumptions.

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