轻度认知障碍(MCI):为服务使用者和护理者评估新的治疗途径

Derek Batten, Koralia Bentivoglio
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摘要

MCI 在老年人中的发病率越来越高;患有 MCI 不仅会对老年人的日常生活和生活质量产生负面影响,还会增加他们将来患痴呆症的可能性。然而,并不是所有的人都会发展成痴呆症,这就凸显了制定预防策略和适当干预措施以延缓痴呆症发病的重要性。鉴于目前整个医疗保健系统都在强调需要采取社会心理干预措施来降低痴呆症的发病风险,西埃塞克斯郡的痴呆与虚弱专科服务机构(SDFS)推出了一项新的 MCI 途径,作为试点运行一年,为 MCI 患者及其照顾者提供支持。目前的服务评估旨在评估老年人及其照护者在接受诊断时的经历,同时探讨他们认为在诊断后支持方面有哪些帮助。我们通过电话对服务使用者及其照护者进行了半结构化访谈。服务使用者已接受 MCI 诊断,正在等待路径干预或接受某种形式的诊断后支持。数据通过访谈表收集,并使用主题分析法(TA)进行分析。主题突出了接受诊断时的不同情感体验、MCI 过程中的困惑和模糊、所接受的支持中有用和无用的方面,以及对未来支持的想法。服务评估结果与更广泛的 MCI 文献和研究相吻合。报告还讨论了对记忆服务的一些影响,包括个性化支持、同伴支持、额外的定期检查和服务跟进,以及对照护者的支持。
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Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): Evaluating a new treatment pathway for service users and carers
The prevalence of MCI is increasing in older adults; living with MCI not only negatively affects older people’s daily living and quality of life, but also increases the likelihood of developing dementia in the future. However, not all individuals will progress to dementia, which highlights the importance of developing preventative strategies and appropriate interventions to delay the onset of dementia. Given the current emphasis across the healthcare system on the need for psychosocial interventions that reduce the risk of dementia, the Specialist Dementia and Frailty Service (SDFS) in West Essex has launched a new MCI pathway, which runs as a pilot for one year to offer support for individuals with MCI and their caregivers. The current service evaluation aims to evaluate older people’s and their carers’ experiences of receiving a diagnosis in conjunction with exploring ideas about what they would find helpful in terms of post diagnostic support. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with service users and their carers over the telephone. Service users had received an MCI diagnosis and were either awaiting an intervention from the pathway or had received some form of post diagnostic support. Data was collected through an interview schedule and analysed using thematic analysis (TA). Themes highlighted the varying emotional experiences of receiving the diagnosis, the confusing and ambiguous process of MCI, the helpful and less helpful aspects of the support received, and ideas for future support. Findings from the service evaluation fit with the wider MCI literature and research. Some implications for the memory service are discussed, including individualised support, peer support, additional regular check ins and follow ups from the service, and support for carers.
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