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引用次数: 0
摘要
本研究旨在分析 "新修辞学 "领域中理性地位的变化--"新修辞学 "是现代论证理论中最具影响力的方向,它出现于 20 世纪 60 年代,由 C. Perelman - L. Olbrechts - Titeka 和 S. Toulmin 的科学著作构成。新修辞学改变了理性的传统地位,将其转化为实践哲学的逻辑。通过追踪对论证的主要范畴--证据、论证、演绎有效性、评价标准、论据、事实、假设、价值观、同意--的理解动态,可以确定这些新颖之处。佩雷尔曼的理性论证模式概述了从逻辑理性到交际理性的过渡,其中引入了语境和功能性因素;肯定了交际理性的有效性,其中思维机制与语言过程同步;引入了实践推理,其功能是逻辑思维、想象力和语言之间的策略性互动。
The Changing Status of Rationality in the Field of the New Rhetoric
The study aims to analyze the changes in the status of rationality in the field of the New Rhetoric – the most influential direction in the modern theory of argumentation, which appeared in the 1960s with the scientific works of C. Perelman – L. Olbrechts – Titeka and S. Toulmin. The thesis presented is that the practices of contemporary public discourse find their most logical and comprehensive theoretical explanation in the teachings of the New Rhetoric, which change the traditional status of rationality and transform it into a logic of practical philosophy. The novelties are ascertained by tracking the dynamics in the understanding of the main categories of argumentation – evidence, argumentation, deductive validity, evaluation criteria, arguments, facts, assumptions, values, consent. Perelman’s model of rational argumentation outlines the transition from logical to communicative rationality, which introduces the factors of contextuality and functionality; affirms the validity of a communicative reasonableness in which the mechanisms of thought are synchronized with the processes of language; introduces practical reasoning, which functions as a strategic interaction between logical thinking, imagination, and language.