慢性阻塞性肺病患者心力衰竭的诊断

T. V. Sycheva, J. Perelman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言。慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和慢性心力衰竭(CHF)在临床实践中经常并发,由于具有共同的危险因素、不利的合并症和非特异性症状,给鉴别诊断带来了挑战。慢性阻塞性肺病和慢性心力衰竭同时存在会严重影响这两种疾病的预后,因为它们会相互加重病情。评估慢性阻塞性肺病患者的心脏结构和功能状态对于早期发现心血管并发症,从而改善预后和降低死亡率至关重要。回顾有关诊断慢性阻塞性肺病患者心力衰竭的最新全球文献。材料和方法。本综述汇编了主要来自 PubMed 和电子图书馆的过去五年的文献数据,并在必要时纳入了较早的出版物。综述讨论了目前用于识别心力衰竭的实验室诊断和医学影像技术,这对预防严重并发症至关重要。其中,经胸超声心动图是最便捷、最具成本效益的方法,在诊断和监测心力衰竭方面发挥着举足轻重的作用。心力衰竭是一个需要大量出版物的主题,其中详细描述了实验室和仪器方法,包括磁共振和计算机断层扫描的最新进展。经胸超声心动图仍然是诊断和预后评估心衰相关变化的 "黄金标准"。
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Diagnosis of heart failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) frequently co-occur in clinical practice, presenting challenges in differential diagnosis due to shared risk factors, an adverse comorbid landscape, and nonspecific symptoms. The coexistence of COPD and CHF significantly affects the prognosis for both conditions because of their mutual exacerbation. Evaluating the heart's structural and functional status in COPD patients is essential for early identification of cardiovascular complications, thereby improving prognosis and reducing mortality.Aim. To review the latest global literature on diagnosing heart failure in COPD patients. Materials and methods. This review compiles data from literature sources, primarily from the last five years, sourced from PubMed and eLibrary, incorporating older publications as necessary.Results. The review discusses current laboratory diagnostics and medical imaging techniques for identifying heart failure, crucial for preventing severe complications. Primarily, transthoracic echocardiography stands out as the most accessible and cost-effective method, playing a pivotal role in diagnosing and monitoring heart failure today.Conclusion. Heart failure is a subject of extensive publication with a detailed description of laboratory and instrumental methods, including the latest advances in magnetic resonance and computed tomography. Transthoracic echocardiography continues to be the "gold standard" in both the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of heart failure-related changes.
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