利用 BOLD-fMRI 梯度揭示人类胼胝体的功能组织

Huan Huang, Yuchao Jiang, Hechun Li, Hanxi Wu, Xiaorong Feng, Jinnan Gong, Sisi Jiang, Dezhong Yao, C. Luo
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摘要

摘要 梯度反映了大脑的基本功能组织。大脑皮层梯度已被很好地描述,但对白质的基本梯度却知之甚少。在此,我们利用血氧水平依赖性功能磁共振成像(BOLD-fMRI)提出了胼胝体的功能梯度图谱,首次发现了三个不同但稳定的空间轴:后-前、背-腹和左-右。这三种空间模式在另一个独立队列中得到了复制,并在不同扫描条件下保持稳定。通过使用结构磁共振成像、静息态和任务 fMRI 以及弥散张量成像数据,我们进一步将这三种梯度图与大脑解剖、连接组以及与任务相关的大脑功能联系起来。胼胝体的前后梯度分布显示出与大脑皮层相似的模式,从初级皮层逐渐延伸到跨模态皮层。背腹梯度分布显示了从初级皮层到高阶认知皮层的 N 型模式。后-前和背-腹梯度图还与白质微结构有关,如分数各向异性和髓鞘水分数。左右梯度图呈倒 V 形,划分了大脑半球之间的分隔。这些发现从根本上揭示了人类胼胝体的功能组织,揭示了其与大脑皮层功能相互作用的潜在模式及其与认知行为的关联。
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Functional organization of the human corpus callosum unveiled with BOLD-fMRI gradients
Abstract Gradients capture the underlying functional organization of the brain. Cortical gradients have been well characterized, however very little is known about the underlying gradient of the white matter. Here, we proposed a functionally gradient mapping of the corpus callosum by using blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI), which for the first time uncovered three distinct but stable spatial axes: posterior-anterior, dorsal-ventral, and left-right. The three spatial patterns were replicated in another independent cohort and robust across scanning conditions. We further associated the three gradient maps with brain anatomy, connectome, and task-related brain functions, by using structural magnetic resonance imaging, both resting-state and task fMRI, and diffusion tensor imaging data. The posterior-anterior gradient distribution of the corpus callosum showed a similar pattern with the cerebral cortex, gradually extending from the primary cortex to the transmodal cortex. The dorsal-ventral gradient distribution revealed an N-shaped pattern from the primary cortex to the higher-order cognitive cortex. The posterior-anterior and dorsal-ventral gradient maps were also associated with white-matter microstructures, such as fractional anisotropy and myelin water fraction. The left-right gradient showed an inverted V-shaped pattern, which delineated the inter-hemisphere separation. These findings provide fundamental insight into the functional organization of the human corpus callosum, unveiling potential patterns of functional interaction with the cerebral cortex and their associations with cognitive behaviors.
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