研究大学生科研活动动机的特殊性

Svetlana А. Pisareva, Evgeniia Ivanovna Brazhnik, I.V. Gladkaya, Elena Piskunova, Natalja Mihajlovna Fedorova
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摘要

导言。考虑到有必要提高大学生研究活动对科学领域未来专业人员的教育和个人发展的重要性,文章证实了对大学生研究活动的现状和可能性的最新了解的必要性。本文旨在介绍俄罗斯赫尔岑国立师范大学的研究成果(2023年),这些成果反映了学生参与科研活动的问题和解决这些问题的方法,以及对学生积极性的调查结果。此外,还介绍了培养高素质科学和学术人员的创新模式。材料与方法。研究方法基于以人格为中心的思想。应用了科学研究的理论和实践方法:理论分析、综合、分类;在线问卷调查,其中揭示了学生参与科研活动动机的各个方面;以及数据处理的数学方法。研究结果作者介绍了三组结果:- 对俄罗斯和国际研究人员在 2000 年代就大学生参与科研活动的各方面问题所做研究的回顾和分析; - 对俄罗斯各大学目前所做研究调查的回顾,这些调查反映了俄罗斯各地区改善大学生科研活动的做法; - 2023 年在俄罗斯赫尔岑国立师范大学所做研究的结果 - 对以下专业的学生所做的调查:这些结果反映了组织学生研究的关键位置:学生在教育活动中的参与度;研究活动的积极性;对研究经历的满意度;参与学生研究协会的程度;对研究技能的自我评估;对大学现有研究活动条件和可获得性的评估。结论。如果研究被视为高等院校的主导活动,考虑到学生参与研究的外部和内部动机,体现出对学生科学自决的监管和研究支持,那么学生就会选择研究活动作为其专业发展的基础。硕士和博士联合学位课程模式是创造这种条件的可能形式之一。
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Studying the peculiarities of the universities students’ motivation for research activities
Introduction. The article substantiates the need for up-to-date knowledge about the state and possibilities of university students’ research activities, taking into account the necessity to increase the importance of such activities for education and personal development of future professionals in the field of science. The purpose of the article is to present the research results (2023) reflecting the problems of involving students into research activities and ways of solving these problems, as well as the results of investigating students’ motivation at the Herzen State Pedagogical University in Russia. The innovative model of preparing highly qualified scientific and academic staff is characterized. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the ideas of a personality-centered approach. Theoretical and practical methods of scientific research were applied: theoretical analysis, synthesis, classification; the online questionnaire, which revealed various aspects of students’ motivation to participation in research activities, and mathematical methods of data processing. Results. The authors presented three groups of results: - the review and analysis of studies conducted in the 2000s by Russian and international researchers on various aspects of engaging university students in research activities; - the review of current research investigations conducted in Russian universities, reflecting practice of improving university students’ research activities in various regions of the country; - the results of the study conducted in 2023 at the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia - a survey of students majoring in the following fields: Education (Education science); Psychology (psychological sciences); Psychology and Education which reflect the key positions of organizing students’ research: the engagement of students in educational activities; motivation for research activities; satisfaction with research experience; the degree of participation in the student research society; self-assessment of the research skills; assessment of existing conditions for research activities and accessibility to them at the university. Conclusions. Students will choose research activities as a basis for their professional formation if research is considered to be a leading activity in the higher educational institution; where external and internal motives of involving students in research are taken into account and regulatory and research support of students in their scientific self-determination is manifested. One of the possible forms of creating such conditions is the model of a joint master’s and doctoral-level degree program.
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