Determining the Appropriateness and Acceptability of a Reduced Postradiotherapy Surveillance Practice in Breast Cancer Patients: Results of a Longitudinal Observational Study

Postradiotherapy surveillance, which aims to detect and treat radiation injury, is important from the patient’s perspective, but also from the radiation oncologist’s perspective. Unfortunately, patient nonattendance increases over the course of five years. The aim of the study was to investigate the appropriateness and acceptability of reduced versus usual (conventional) postradiotherapy surveillance in breast cancer patients. A total of 192 consecutive patients with curatively irradiated breast cancer from two selected treatment years were included in our study, of whom 65 were offered six (after three months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, 48 months, and 60 months) and 127 were offered four follow-up appointments (after three months, 12 months, 36 months, and 60 months). Their patient-, tumour- and treatment-related characteristics were analysed, as well as follow-up events and attendance rates. The reduced four-meeting surveillance practice shows similar results to the traditional six-meeting practice in terms of appropriateness and acceptability, with significantly higher attendance rates at 36 and 60 months (p = 0.014 and 0.013, respectively) when the individual moments are compared on a one-to-one basis. The patient-, tumour-, and treatment-related variables examined did not show an effect on the attendance rate. There was also no significant difference between the two cohorts in the detection of follow-up events (such as recurrence) and late radiation effects. In conclusion, this retrospective study provides scientific support for the trend towards a risk-adjusted, reduced surveillance practice in radiation oncology. In particular, four postradiotherapy follow-up visits seem to be appropriate and accepted in breast cancer patients after curative postoperative breast irradiation. This reduced postradiotherapy surveillance practice has the advantage of saving time for the patient and resources for the healthcare system without compromising quality; it could also improve patient participation. We, therefore, recommend it as an appropriate standard for breast cancer patients.