N. Kalitin 作品中北方土著人民生态意识的表达(《Tommoo》,《雷霆迸发》)。

N. V. Zotova
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摘要

目的。本文主要探讨尼古拉-卡利京(Nikolai Kalitin)的小说《Tommoo》和《Thunder Bursts》中表达北方土著民族生态意识的主要方面。小说《Tommoo》和《雷声阵阵》揭示了埃文克族和雅库特族生态意识的主要方面。生态意识的基础是对自然的谨慎态度,以及与自然不可分割的统一意识:将自然视为万物之母,并理解与自然的亲缘关系;通过自然之灵和神话神灵的存在揭示了所有物体和现象的灵性;人类将自身理解为自然的创造物;神树的存在是世界结构的象征,是大地永不衰败的肥力的化身。人们认为,解决北方土著人民进一步生存和致富问题的关键在于寻求社会技术发展与保护生态之间的平衡,合理利用自然资源,以民族文化为基础,合理简化劳动,继续开展传统活动。
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Expression of Ecological Consciousness of the Indigenous Peoples of the North in the Works by N. Kalitin (Tommoo, Thunder Bursts)
Purpose. The article is devoted to the key aspects of expressing ecological consciousness of the indigenous peoples of the North in novels Tommoo and Thunder Bursts by Nikolai Kalitin, who raises the problem of damaging hunting grounds and rivers during the technological development of the North.Results. The key aspects of the ecological consciousness of Evenks and Yakuts are revealed in novels Tommoo and Thunder bursts. The ecological consciousness is based on a careful attitude to nature, and awareness of inseparable unity with it: perception of nature as the mother of all things and understanding of kinship with it; animateness of all objects and phenomena revealed through the presence of spirits of nature and mythological deities; man's understanding of himself as a creation of nature; the presence of a sacred tree as a symbol of the world structure, the personification of the unfading fertility of the earth.Conclusion. The key to solving the problem of further survival and wealth of indigenous peoples of the North is believed to be the search for a balance between the technological development of society and the preservation of ecology, rational use of natural resources for continuation of traditional activities, based on ethnic culture with rational simplification of labor.
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