从中世纪基督教伦理看葡萄牙语、西班牙语和俄语谚语中已婚妇女的形象

N. Arsentieva, A. M. Díaz Ferrero, E. F. Quero Gervilla
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摘要

目的通过分析源自葡萄牙、西班牙和俄罗斯传统的 437 条谚语,研究妇女在婚姻环境中的形象。本研究旨在探讨这些谚语如何反映出围绕妇女在婚姻制度中的角色的文化、社会和宗教信仰。研究发现,在这些谚语中,妇女在婚姻中的形象在所研究的文化中是一致的。研究强调,基督教会在提倡贞洁的同时,也支持通过婚姻来打击性乱。南欧谚语和俄罗斯谚语在基督教婚姻的精神基础、配偶关系的性质以及妻子和母亲应具备的品质方面有相似之处。谚语是文化的宝库,反映了受历史和文学影响而形成的传统和价值观。谚语延续了天主教和东正教的宗教和道德理想,尤其是父权制婚姻观。这种观点强制推行婚姻中的等级制度,妻子从属于丈夫,丈夫被视为妻子的精神导师,是家庭和社会中角色和责任的决定者。
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The Image of the Married Woman in Portuguese, Spanish and Russian Proverbs in the Light of Medieval Christian Ethics
Purpose. To examine the portrayal of women in matrimonial contexts through an analysis of 437 proverbs originating from Portuguese, Spanish, and Russian traditions. This study aims to explore how these sayings mirror the cultural, societal, and religious beliefs surrounding women's roles in the institution of marriage.Results. The study found that the image of women in marriage within these proverbs is consistent across the cultures studied. It highlighted that while the Christian Church promotes chastity, it also endorses marriage to combat sexual promiscuity. Similarities were identified between Southern European and Russian proverbs regarding the spiritual foundation of Christian marriage, the nature of spousal relationships, and the expected qualities of a wife and mother.Conclusion. Proverbs serve as a cultural repository, mirroring traditions and values shaped by historical and literary influences. The proverbs perpetuate the religious and moral ideals of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, particularly the patriarchal view of marriage. This view enforces a hierarchy within marriage, with the wife subordinated to the husband, who is seen as her spiritual guide and the determinant of roles and responsibilities in the family and the broader society.
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