A Multimodal Bio-Sensing and Imaging Platform (MSIP) for Real-Time Intraoperative Margin Detection in Cancer Surgery

In cancer surgery, the precise characterisation of tissue margins is of paramount importance to ensure effective resection. However, conventional methods have inherent limitations in terms of both speed and accuracy, often necessitating labour-intensive postsurgical tissue analyses. To overcome these challenges and enhance the precision of cancer surgery, we introduced an innovative Multimodal Sensing and Imaging Platform (MSIP) equipped with advanced pH sensing capabilities. The MSIP represents the synergistic fusion of a miniaturised, flexible wire-based electrochemical pH sensor with a sensitivity of 62.4 mV per pH for real-time functional imaging. Simultaneously, it incorporates a high-speed confocal endomicroscope utilizing a 2.6 mm fibre bundle to achieve subcellular resolution in morphological imaging. The pH sensor enables continuous monitoring of dynamic changes in the tumour microenvironment, offering valuable insights. Confocal endomicroscopy provides high-resolution, real-time imaging of tumour morphology with an impressive 2.2 μm resolution. This integration not only enhances the precision of cancer surgery but also fosters a comprehensive understanding of the biological and molecular characteristics of tumours. By consolidating multiple diagnostic parameters into a unified platform, MSIP has emerged as a transformative technology poised to revolutionise our approach to cancer surgery.