Hepatitis B and C Viruses: Prevalence and co-factors among patients with liver cirrhosis

Liver cirrhosis is the final pathway of multiple chronic liver diseases and is a pathological entity defined as diffuse hepatic fibrosis and regenerative nodule formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and co-factors of hepatitis B and C viruses among patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 79 patients were registered from 2018 to 2022. The prevalence of liver cirrhosis in 2018, 2019, and 2020. 2021 and 2022 were 21.7%, 13.0%, 19.1%, 6.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.01) greater in rural areas than in urban areas. In addition, according to age, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in those >52 years old than in those 18-40 and 41-52 years old. Moreover, the incidence of cirrhosis was greater in females than in males, but the difference was not significant. Without that, the causes of cirrhosis for HBV, HCV and Non-B and Non-C patients were 13% and 40%, 15.7%, respectively. The results showed that causes of cirrhosis were significantly associated with HCV incidence, and the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight, and obese individuals was 13%, 15.7%, 26.1% and 18.9%, respectively. Prevalence according to BMI categories did significantly differ among the categories. Furthermore, the incidences of diabetes mellitus for patients with HBV and HCV and for non-B and non-C individuals were 21.7%, 47% and 31.3%, respectively, but the incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with the incidence of HCV. In addition, the incidences of encephalopathy for HBV, HCV and non-B and non-C patients were 20.9%, 47.8%, and 31.3%, respectively, and for Ascites, they were 24.3%, 44.3%, and 31.4%, respectively. Finally, the incidence of cirrhosis was significantly (P = 0.001) greater in smoking patients than in nonsmokers.