Liposomal dual delivery systems in visceral leishmaniasis enhance the synergistic effects of combination therapy: A promise for the future

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease, and this review has summarized the current treatment scenario and its prospects. It also highlights alternative approaches used by research groups in India and around the world to develop cutting-edge and potent anti-leishmanial treatments. Even though numerous medications could be utilized to treat VL, the limitations of current treatments including their toxicity, cost, route of administration, and duration of doses, have contributed to the emergence of resistance. Combination therapy might be a better option due to its shorter duration, easier route of administration, and ability to extend the lifespan of individual drugs. However, there is a risk of not delivering both the drugs to the target site together, which can be overcome by the liposomal entrapment of those drugs and at a time knock an opportunity to reduce the dosage of amphotericin B if the combination drug provides a synergistic effect with it. Therefore, this review presents a novel strategy to fight against VL by introducing dual drug-loaded liposomes.