Simon I. Patty, J. Souhoka, P. Makatipu, M. P. Rizqi
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The coral reef health index assessment is based on the condition of live coral cover, resilience level, and reef fish biomass. The results from water column image classification showed that there were four classes of habitat, i.e. coral, seagrass, sand, and rubble with an overall accuracy value of 85.86% and kappa coefficient of 0.80605. The total area of classified coral reefs is 1152.85 hectares. The coral reef health index values ranged from 2 to 8 with an average of 5, which translates to a moderate percentage of live coral cover, high resilience, and low fish biomass.\nKeywords: coral reefs, benthic habitat, health index, Landsat 8 images.\n \nAbstrak\nTerumbu karang merupakan objek tutupan bawah air laut yang dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh yakni memanfaatkan citra satelit. Klasifikasi habitat bentik dan analisis indeks kesehatan terumbu karang telah dilakukan di pulau Ternate dan pulau Tidore pada bulan Juni 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran habitat bentik serta mengetahui nilai indeks kesehatan terumbu karang. Pengolahan data citra Landsat 8 dengan perangkat lunak ENVI 5.3 dan ArcGIS 10.1. Proses penajaman citra menggunakan algoritma “depth invariant index” (Lyzenga, 1981). Teknik klasifikasi maximum likelihood digunakan untuk identifikasi objek dasar perairan dan uji akurasi menggunakan confusion matrix. Penilaian indeks kesehatan terumbu karang berdasarkan kondisi tutupan karang hidup, tingkat resiliensi dan biomassa ikan karang. Hasil klasifikasi citra kolom air mendapatkan empat kelas habitat yaitu karang, lamun, pasir dan pecahan karang mati (rubble) dengan nilai akurasi keseluruhan sebesar 85,86 % dan koefisien kappa sebesar 0,80605. Total luasan area terumbu karang hasil klasifikasi adalah 1152,85 ha. Nilai indeks kesehatan terumbu karang berkisar antara 2 sampai 8, dengan rata-rata 5 yang menggambarkan persentase tutupan karang hidup sedang, tingkat resiliensi tinggi dan biomassa ikan rendah.\nKata kunci: terumbu karang, habitat bentik, indeks kesehatan, citra Landsat 8.","PeriodicalId":508273,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Mapping Benthic Habitat Distribution and Coral Reef Health Index in Ternate Island and Tidore Island, North Maluku\",\"authors\":\"Simon I. Patty, J. Souhoka, P. Makatipu, M. P. Rizqi\",\"doi\":\"10.35800/jip.v12i1.54054\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Coral reefs are underwater marine organisms whose coverage can be identified using remote sensing technology utilizing satellite imagery. 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The coral reef health index values ranged from 2 to 8 with an average of 5, which translates to a moderate percentage of live coral cover, high resilience, and low fish biomass.\\nKeywords: coral reefs, benthic habitat, health index, Landsat 8 images.\\n \\nAbstrak\\nTerumbu karang merupakan objek tutupan bawah air laut yang dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh yakni memanfaatkan citra satelit. Klasifikasi habitat bentik dan analisis indeks kesehatan terumbu karang telah dilakukan di pulau Ternate dan pulau Tidore pada bulan Juni 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran habitat bentik serta mengetahui nilai indeks kesehatan terumbu karang. Pengolahan data citra Landsat 8 dengan perangkat lunak ENVI 5.3 dan ArcGIS 10.1. Proses penajaman citra menggunakan algoritma “depth invariant index” (Lyzenga, 1981). Teknik klasifikasi maximum likelihood digunakan untuk identifikasi objek dasar perairan dan uji akurasi menggunakan confusion matrix. Penilaian indeks kesehatan terumbu karang berdasarkan kondisi tutupan karang hidup, tingkat resiliensi dan biomassa ikan karang. Hasil klasifikasi citra kolom air mendapatkan empat kelas habitat yaitu karang, lamun, pasir dan pecahan karang mati (rubble) dengan nilai akurasi keseluruhan sebesar 85,86 % dan koefisien kappa sebesar 0,80605. Total luasan area terumbu karang hasil klasifikasi adalah 1152,85 ha. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
珊瑚礁是一种水下海洋生物,其覆盖范围可利用卫星图像遥感技术进行识别。2021 年 6 月,在特尔纳特岛和蒂多雷岛进行了底栖栖息地分类和珊瑚礁健康指数分析。这项研究旨在绘制底栖生物栖息地分布图,并计算珊瑚礁健康指数值。使用 ENVI 5.3 和 ArcGIS 10.1 软件处理 Landsat 8 卫星图像数据。在图像锐化过程中使用了 "深度不变指数 "算法(Lyzenga,1981 年)。最大似然分类技术用于识别底质类型,混淆矩阵用于测试其准确性。珊瑚礁健康指数评估基于活珊瑚覆盖率、恢复力水平和珊瑚礁鱼类生物量的状况。水柱图像分类结果显示,栖息地分为四类,即珊瑚、海草、沙子和碎石,总体准确率为 85.86%,卡帕系数为 0.80605。珊瑚礁分类总面积为 1152.85 公顷。珊瑚礁健康指数值从2到8不等,平均值为5,即活珊瑚覆盖率适中、复原力高、鱼类生物量低。 关键词:珊瑚礁;底栖栖息地;健康指数;Landsat 8图像。AbstrakTerumbu karang merupakan objek tutupan bawah air laut yang dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh yakni memanfaatkan citra satelit.在 2021 年 6 月,特尔纳特岛和提多雷岛都将进行生境分析和灾害指数分析。该项目旨在记录和管理所有的栖息地,并收集所有的湿地数据。通过 ENVI 5.3 和 ArcGIS 10.1 软件获取大地遥感卫星 8 的数据。使用了 "深度不变指数 "算法(Lyzenga,1981 年)。最大似然技术用于识别周围的物体和混淆矩阵。该技术可用于识别沼泽、沼泽韧性和沼泽生物。在沼泽地、沼气池、沼泽地和沼泽碎石(瓦砾)中,沼气的利用率为 85.86 %,沼泽生物量的利用率为 0.80605。石漠化地区的总面积为 1152.85 公顷。所有地形图的地形指数均为 2 和 8,而地形指数为 5 的地形图则表明了地形图的持久性、适应性和生物量。
Mapping Benthic Habitat Distribution and Coral Reef Health Index in Ternate Island and Tidore Island, North Maluku
Coral reefs are underwater marine organisms whose coverage can be identified using remote sensing technology utilizing satellite imagery. The benthic habitats classification and coral reef health index analysis were carried out on the Ternate and Tidore islands in June 2021. This study aims to map the distribution of benthic habitat as well as calculate the value of the coral reef health index. The processing of satellite imagery data from Landsat 8, using ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.1 software. The "depth invariant index" algorithm is used in the image sharpening process (Lyzenga, 1981). The maximum likelihood classification technique is used to identify substrate type, with a confusion matrix used to test its accuracy. The coral reef health index assessment is based on the condition of live coral cover, resilience level, and reef fish biomass. The results from water column image classification showed that there were four classes of habitat, i.e. coral, seagrass, sand, and rubble with an overall accuracy value of 85.86% and kappa coefficient of 0.80605. The total area of classified coral reefs is 1152.85 hectares. The coral reef health index values ranged from 2 to 8 with an average of 5, which translates to a moderate percentage of live coral cover, high resilience, and low fish biomass.
Keywords: coral reefs, benthic habitat, health index, Landsat 8 images.
Abstrak
Terumbu karang merupakan objek tutupan bawah air laut yang dapat diidentifikasi menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh yakni memanfaatkan citra satelit. Klasifikasi habitat bentik dan analisis indeks kesehatan terumbu karang telah dilakukan di pulau Ternate dan pulau Tidore pada bulan Juni 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran habitat bentik serta mengetahui nilai indeks kesehatan terumbu karang. Pengolahan data citra Landsat 8 dengan perangkat lunak ENVI 5.3 dan ArcGIS 10.1. Proses penajaman citra menggunakan algoritma “depth invariant index” (Lyzenga, 1981). Teknik klasifikasi maximum likelihood digunakan untuk identifikasi objek dasar perairan dan uji akurasi menggunakan confusion matrix. Penilaian indeks kesehatan terumbu karang berdasarkan kondisi tutupan karang hidup, tingkat resiliensi dan biomassa ikan karang. Hasil klasifikasi citra kolom air mendapatkan empat kelas habitat yaitu karang, lamun, pasir dan pecahan karang mati (rubble) dengan nilai akurasi keseluruhan sebesar 85,86 % dan koefisien kappa sebesar 0,80605. Total luasan area terumbu karang hasil klasifikasi adalah 1152,85 ha. Nilai indeks kesehatan terumbu karang berkisar antara 2 sampai 8, dengan rata-rata 5 yang menggambarkan persentase tutupan karang hidup sedang, tingkat resiliensi tinggi dan biomassa ikan rendah.
Kata kunci: terumbu karang, habitat bentik, indeks kesehatan, citra Landsat 8.