南亚印巴冲突:克什米尔问题的动态与和平之路

Syed Jazib Shamim, Misbah Mohammad Nasim, Tahir Ali
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摘要

自 1947 年成立以来,印度和巴基斯坦经历了各种军事冲突。克什米尔问题是两国冲突的最重要原因之一,两国曾于 1948 年、1965 年和 1999 年就克什米尔问题开战。这一问题也曾提交联合国安理会解决。然而,印度断然拒绝就这一问题寻求任何国际调解,称这是印度的内政问题。两国于 1998 年 5 月正式加入了核俱乐部,这对南亚地区的安全构成了严重威胁,因为这使它们能够在未来使用核选择。在获得原子地位后,两国在 2001 年和 2019 年都差点爆发战争,前者在国际边界的前沿阵地部署了军队,后者在阿扎德查谟和克什米尔地区击落了印度空军的战斗机。自 2019 年以来,特别是在印度废除第 370 条之后,两国关系一直很糟糕。本文探讨了这一冲突的背景以及由此引发的印度与巴基斯坦之间的战争,并提出了在南亚寻求和平的建立信任措施。
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Indo-Pak conflict in South Asia: dynamics of Kashmir issue and the way forward for peace
India and Pakistan have experienced various military conflicts since their inception in 1947. The Kashmir issue is one of the most pertinent causes of conflict between both nations as they have gone to war in 1948, 1965 and 1999 on the issue of Kashmir. This matter was also brought to the United Nations Security Council for resolution. However, India has categorically refused to seek any international mediation over this issue by terming it as an internal issue of India. Both countries officially joined the nuclear club in May 1998, which posed a severe threat to the security of the South Asian region as it enabled them to use the nuclear option in future. After acquiring atomic status, both countries came close to war in 2001 when armies were deployed on forward positions on international borders and in 2019 when Pakistan shot down the Indian Air Force fighter jet in the Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Since 2019, especially after India revoked Article 370, relations between the two countries have been dismal. The paper contemplates the background of this conflict and the resultant wars between India and Pakistan and presents confidence-building measures for the pursuit of peace-making in South Asia.
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Indo-Pak conflict in South Asia: dynamics of Kashmir issue and the way forward for peace
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