鬼蟹(Ocypode quadrata)在复杂迷宫中寻路时对地标的利用

IF 1.3 4区 生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Behavioural Processes Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.beproc.2024.105026
Trent Robinson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

螃蟹物种已被证明能够通过不同的过程(如路径整合和地标定向)进行空间追踪并导航到相应的位置。但很少有人研究它们在复杂环境(如迷宫)中的寻路能力,以及它们如何利用特定特征来实现这一过程。鬼蟹(Ocypode quadrata)是一种半陆生物种,通常生活在广阔的海滩环境中,这给它们的导航带来了许多挑战。尽管这些动物具有潜力,但目前还没有研究调查它们的空间认知形式。为了更好地丰富我们对这一特性的认识,目前的研究将鬼蟹暴露在一个有七个交叉路口的迷宫中。对动物进行了多次试验,以了解奖励目的地与特定标准熟练度之间的位置关系。在一种情况下,迷宫中分布着多个地标,而在另一种情况下,迷宫中的环境则是完全空旷的。结果显示,有地标组的鬼蟹学习迷宫的速度更快,它们达到学习标准所需的试验次数明显少于无地标组的鬼蟹。然而,只有大约一半的样本达到了学习标准,这表明迷宫相当困难。路线学习理论认为,动物可以通过建立地标与转弯之间的联系来导航。这种过程对幽灵蟹的认知能力有一定的影响,该物种的空间学习可能支持这一特征的趋同进化概念。
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Landmark use by ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) during wayfinding in a complex maze

Species of crab have been shown to spatially track and navigate to consequential locations through different processes, such as path integration and landmark orienting. Few investigations examine their ability to wayfind in complex environments, like mazes, with multiple intersections and how they may utilize specific features to benefit this process. Spatial learning potentially would lend a fitness advantage to animals living in complicated habitats, and ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) is a semiterrestrial species that typically occupies extensive beach environments, which present many navigational challenges. Despite their potential, there are currently no studies that investigate forms of spatial cognition in these animals. To better diversify our knowledge of this trait, the current research exposed ghost crab to a maze with seven intersections. Animals were given multiple trials to learn the location of a reward destination to a specific criterion proficiency. In one condition several landmarks were distributed throughout the maze, and in another the environment was completely empty. Results showed that ghost crab in the landmark present group were able to learn the maze faster, they required significantly fewer trials to reach the learning criterion than those in the landmark absent group. However, only approximately half of the total sample met the learning criterion, indicating the maze was rather difficult. These findings are interpreted through theories of route learning that suggest animals may navigate by establishing landmark-turn associations. Such processes have implications for the cognitive ability of ghost crab, and spatial learning in this species may support the notion of convergent evolution for this trait.

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来源期刊
Behavioural Processes
Behavioural Processes 生物-动物学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
7.70%
发文量
144
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Behavioural Processes is dedicated to the publication of high-quality original research on animal behaviour from any theoretical perspective. It welcomes contributions that consider animal behaviour from behavioural analytic, cognitive, ethological, ecological and evolutionary points of view. This list is not intended to be exhaustive, and papers that integrate theory and methodology across disciplines are particularly welcome.
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