Asymptotic behavior of inter-event times in planar systems under event-triggered control

This paper analyzes the asymptotic behavior of inter-event times in planar linear systems, under event-triggered control with a general class of scale-invariant event triggering rules. In this setting, the inter-event time is a function of the “angle” of the state at an event. This viewpoint allows us to analyze the inter-event times by studying the fixed points of the angle map, which represents the evolution of the “angle” of the state from one event to the next. We provide a sufficient condition for the convergence or non-convergence of inter-event times to a steady state value under a scale-invariant event-triggering rule. Following up on this, we further analyze the inter-event time behavior in the special case of threshold based event-triggering rule and we provide various conditions for convergence or non-convergence of inter-event times to a constant. We also analyze the asymptotic average inter-event time as a function of the angle of the initial state of the system. With the help of ergodic theory, we provide a sufficient condition for the asymptotic average inter-event time to be a constant for all non-zero initial states of the system. Then, we consider a special case where the angle map is an orientation-preserving homeomorphism. Using rotation theory, we comment on the asymptotic behavior of the inter-event times, including on whether the inter-event times converge to a periodic sequence. We illustrate the proposed results through numerical simulations.