通过膨胀量子门实现快速伪随机量子态发生器

IF 6.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, APPLIED npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI:10.1038/s41534-024-00831-y
Claudio Chamon, Eduardo R. Mucciolo, Andrei E. Ruckenstein, Zhi-Cheng Yang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们提出了一种机制,利用深度为log-n的浅量子电路(其中n为量子比特数)达到伪随机量子态,在计算上与哈尔随机无异。我们认为,据称能提供信息扰乱速度下限的基于2-量子位门的(\log n\ )深度通用随机量子电路无法产生计算上的伪随机量子态。这一结论与通过这种浅层电路进化存活下来的短保利弦的滞留概率存在多项式(n)尾巴有关。然而,我们证明了停留概率尾巴是可以消除的,而且伪随机量子态可以通过由 "膨胀 "量子(IQ)门的一个特殊通用家族构建的浅(\log n\ )深度电路来实现。我们证明了 IQ 门不能用 2 量子门实现,但可以作为 U(d2) 中 d≥3 且 d 为素数的 2 量子门子集实现,或者作为特殊的 3 量子门实现。
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Fast pseudorandom quantum state generators via inflationary quantum gates

We propose a mechanism for reaching pseudorandom quantum states, computationally indistinguishable from Haar random, with shallow log-n depth quantum circuits, where n is the number of qudits. We argue that \(\log n\) depth 2-qubit-gate-based generic random quantum circuits that are claimed to provide a lower bound on the speed of information scrambling, cannot produce computationally pseudorandom quantum states. This conclusion is connected with the presence of polynomial (in n) tails in the stay probability of short Pauli strings that survive evolution through such shallow circuits. We show, however, that stay-probability-tails can be eliminated and pseudorandom quantum states can be accomplished with shallow \(\log n\) depth circuits built from a special universal family of “inflationary” quantum (IQ) gates. We prove that IQ-gates cannot be implemented with 2-qubit gates, but can be realized either as a subset of 2-qudit-gates in U(d2) with d ≥ 3 and d prime, or as special 3-qubit gates.

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来源期刊
npj Quantum Information
npj Quantum Information Computer Science-Computer Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
13.70
自引率
3.90%
发文量
130
审稿时长
29 weeks
期刊介绍: The scope of npj Quantum Information spans across all relevant disciplines, fields, approaches and levels and so considers outstanding work ranging from fundamental research to applications and technologies.
期刊最新文献
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