One-way waveform inversion: Real marine data application

The reflection waveform inversion is a powerful technique to build a large-scale velocity model of the subsurface by fitting the reflected recorded seismic waves. The reflection waveform inversion is designed based on the pillar concept of model and data-scale separation. Therefore, its success is related to the ability of its forward modelling engine to separate reflected events distinctly from other propagation modes (diving waves, multiples, etc.). However, the standard Born modelling based on the two-way wave equation may generate internal multiples in case of an insufficient smooth background model. These internal multiples may lead to a distorted sensitivity kernel, which adds more non-linearity to the inverse problem. In addition, simulating the wave equation using two-way propagators is still an overburden step of the algorithm especially in large three-dimensional real surveys. In this proposal, we introduce an alternative to the two-way wave equation by using a one-way approach for the reflection waveform inversion. The Born modelling based on one-way propagators significantly reduces the computational cost and I think it should be allows to relax the smooth background velocity model assumption by restricting the forward modelling to primary reflected waves. After a brief theoretical description of the one-way waveform inversion, we present an application of the algorithm on the real marine dataset to review its promises and pitfalls. Our approach produces an acceptable large-scale velocity model whose accuracy is confirmed by the migrated image and the offset gathers.