A flexible GOx/PB/Au film biosensor for the detection of glucose

Polystyrene (PS), a polymer material renowned for its notable optical and mechanical properties, as well as low cost and ease of processing, stands as one of optimal candidate for flexible electrode substrate materials. However, prevalent modification techniques such as lithography, electron beam evaporation, and plasma etching all entail the requirement for specialized equipment and precise operation, thereby significantly elevating the technical barrier. In this study, we introduce a chemical plating method to fabricate a gold film electrode, coupled with prussian blue (PB) and glucose oxidase (GOx), for the development of a glucose electrochemical biosensor. This process offers simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and feasibility under regular experimental conditions. The electrode surface is covered with numerous gold nanoparticles, effectively augmenting the actual electrode area and enhancing electron transfer efficiency. Remarkably, without the addition of sensitizing agents, the biosensor achieves highly sensitive glucose detection. The proposed biosensor exhibits a broad linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.005–1 mM, with a detection limit of 4.4 μM. Moreover, it exhibits favorable performance in detecting glucose levels in sweat samples, showcasing promising prospects for personal healthcare diagnostics.