在河流干涸实验中，鱼类向短暂的局部庇护所移动，而不是向持久的景观庇护所移动

IF 2.8 2区生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY Freshwater Biology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1111/fwb.14246

Thomas P. Archdeacon, Eric J. Gonzales, Charles B. Yackulic

引用次数: 0

摘要

人类活动导致淡水溪流间歇性增加，对水生生态系统的管理和保护产生了重要影响。由于大多数淡水鱼类都具有流动性，因此预计它们会从间歇性河段移出，但在从常年向间歇性过渡的河流中，情况可能并非如此。在这里，我们试图确定河流鱼类是否会在间歇期到来之前离开干涸的河段，还是会留在当地的庇护所。我们在原地进行了受控的试验性减流，在 3 周时间内将流量从 ~1.0 m3/s 降至 0 m3/s，从而导致间歇期。在流量减少之前、期间和之后的 5 周内，我们对鱼类和鱼类栖息地的变化进行了监测。在流量减少期间，总湿生境最终减少了 91%。随着时间的推移，各种类型的栖息地损失并不相同：随着流水栖息地的消失，水池栖息地略有增加，而背水和孤立的水池栖息地与排水量关系不大。同样，径流栖息地的水深比其他栖息地下降得更快。在水流衰退期间，只有河鲤似乎向上游移动；其他 7 个物种仍留在干涸地点。栖息地的丧失对鱼类种群产生了负面影响，但其速度低于栖息地丧失的速度，直到地点完全干涸。总体而言，在研究期间，有两种鱼类（红歆鱼 Cyprinella lutrensis 和西部蚊子鱼 Gambusia affinis）的种群数量有所增加，而其余鱼类的种群数量则有所下降。鱼类能够在水流减少时在当地找到短暂的避难所，但在间歇性条件下，它们不会离开避难所。考虑到人类活动造成的水流间歇性河段鱼类不迁徙的情况，对于设计保护受水流间歇性增加威胁的鱼类的行动非常重要。对于不主动寻找避难栖息地的广泛分散物种来说，除非这些栖息地能够支持足够的个体在间歇条件下保持恢复力，否则建立避难栖息地可能不会有效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Freshwater Biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

3.70%

发文量

162

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Freshwater Biology publishes papers on all aspects of the ecology of inland waters, including rivers and lakes, ground waters, flood plains and other freshwater wetlands. We include studies of micro-organisms, algae, macrophytes, invertebrates, fish and other vertebrates, as well as those concerning whole systems and related physical and chemical aspects of the environment, provided that they have clear biological relevance. Studies may focus at any level in the ecological hierarchy from physiological ecology and animal behaviour, through population dynamics and evolutionary genetics, to community interactions, biogeography and ecosystem functioning. They may also be at any scale: from microhabitat to landscape, and continental to global. Preference is given to research, whether meta-analytical, experimental, theoretical or descriptive, highlighting causal (ecological) mechanisms from which clearly stated hypotheses are derived. Manuscripts with an experimental or conceptual flavour are particularly welcome, as are those or which integrate laboratory and field work, and studies from less well researched areas of the world. Priority is given to submissions that are likely to interest a wide range of readers. We encourage submission of papers well grounded in ecological theory that deal with issues related to the conservation and management of inland waters. Papers interpreting fundamental research in a way that makes clear its applied, strategic or socio-economic relevance are also welcome. Review articles (FRESHWATER BIOLOGY REVIEWS) and discussion papers (OPINION) are also invited: these enable authors to publish high-quality material outside the constraints of standard research papers.