比较分析:马来西亚、沙特阿拉伯的健康数据保护法和欧盟《通用数据保护条例》(GDPR)

Jawahitha Sarabdeen, Mohamed Mazahir Mohamed Ishak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的 欧洲联盟(欧盟)通过《一般数据保护条例》(GDPR)是为了保护数据隐私。虽然《一般数据保护条例》旨在解决欧盟内与数据隐私相关的问题,但它通过第 3、45 和 46 条产生了域外效力。域外效力是指当地法律法规在另一个国家的适用或效力。全球各地的立法者都通过或加紧努力通过涵盖个人数据隐私的法律,以满足 GDPR 第 45-46 条规定的充分性要求,同时提供全面的本地立法。本研究旨在分析马来西亚和沙特阿拉伯在健康数据隐私方面的立法,以及这些立法在满足 GDPR 数据隐私保护要求方面的充分性。研究采用了系统的文献综述、法律内容分析和比较分析等方法,将马来西亚和沙特阿拉伯的健康数据保护与 GDPR 进行比较,以批判性地分析马来西亚和沙特阿拉伯的健康数据保护,并了解健康数据保护在满足欧盟数据传输要求方面的充分性。研究结果研究结果表明,马来西亚对私营部门的监管优于公共部门。在新通过的数据保护法于 2024 年实施之前,沙特阿拉伯有一些一般性法律涵盖公共和私营部门组织的健康数据隐私。研究结果还表明,根据 GDPR,马来西亚的《2010 年个人数据保护法》和沙特阿拉伯的《2022 年个人数据保护法》可被视为 "适当"。这将有助于提出改进健康数据保护相关法律的建议,从而使各利益相关者从中受益。
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A comparative analysis: health data protection laws in Malaysia, Saudi Arabia and EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

Purpose

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union (EU) was passed to protect data privacy. Though the GDPR intended to address issues related to data privacy in the EU, it created an extra-territorial effect through Articles 3, 45 and 46. Extra-territorial effect refers to the application or the effect of local laws and regulations in another country. Lawmakers around the globe passed or intensified their efforts to pass laws to have personal data privacy covered so that they meet the adequacy requirement under Articles 45–46 of GDPR while providing comprehensive legislation locally. This study aims to analyze the Malaysian and Saudi Arabian legislation on health data privacy and their adequacy in meeting GDPR data privacy protection requirements.

Design/methodology/approach

The research used a systematic literature review, legal content analysis and comparative analysis to critically analyze the health data protection in Malaysia and Saudi Arabia in comparison with GDPR and to see the adequacy of health data protection that could meet the requirement of EU data transfer requirement.

Findings

The finding suggested that the private sector is better regulated in Malaysia than the public sector. Saudi Arabia has some general laws to cover health data privacy in both public and private sector organizations until the newly passed data protection law is implemented in 2024. The finding also suggested that the Personal Data Protection Act 2010 of Malaysia and the Personal Data Protection Law 2022 of Saudi Arabia could be considered “adequate” under GDPR.

Originality/value

The research would be able to identify the key principles that could identify the adequacy of the laws about health data in Malaysia and Saudi Arabia as there is a dearth of literature in this area. This will help to propose suggestions to improve the laws concerning health data protection so that various stakeholders can benefit from it.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Law and Management is a leading journal addressing all aspects of regulation and law as they impact on organisational development, operations and leadership. Organisations and their leaders operate in an increasingly complex world of emerging regulation across national and international boundaries. The International Journal of Law and Management seeks to acknowledge the dynamics of that environment and provide a platform for articles and contributions to stimulate scholarly debate in the development of law and practice. The International Journal of Law and Management seeks to present the latest research on policy, practice and theoretical perspectives and their impact on the development and leadership of organisations. Contributions of a multi-disciplinary nature are welcome. Coverage includes, but is not limited to: -Employment and industrial law- Corporate governance and social responsibility- Intellectual property- Corporate law and finance- Insolvency- Commercial law and consumer protection- Environmental law- Taxation- Competition law- Regulatory theory
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