只有几种棋子的俄罗斯方块

MIT Hardness Group, Erik D. Demaine, Holden Hall, Jeffery Li
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摘要

我们证明了使用超级旋转系统(SRS)进行俄罗斯方块清零(使用给定的棋子序列清零初始棋盘)的 NP 难性和 #P 难性,即使棋子仅限于七种俄罗斯方块棋子类型中的任意两种。之前所有的俄罗斯方块 NP 难度证明都使用了七种棋子类型中的五种。我们还证明了俄罗斯方块清除的 ASP 完备性,使用了三种棋子类型,以及所有输入整数都不同的 3-Partition 和 Numerical 3-Dimensional Matching 版本。最后,我们用两种棋子类型证明了俄罗斯方块在 "仅硬下落 "和 "20G "模式下生存和清除的非难性,改进了之前用五种棋子类型证明的 "仅硬下落 "结果。
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Tetris with Few Piece Types
We prove NP-hardness and #P-hardness of Tetris clearing (clearing an initial board using a given sequence of pieces) with the Super Rotation System (SRS), even when the pieces are limited to any two of the seven Tetris piece types. This result is the first advance on a question posed twenty years ago: which piece sets are easy vs. hard? All previous Tetris NP-hardness proofs used five of the seven piece types. We also prove ASP-completeness of Tetris clearing, using three piece types, as well as versions of 3-Partition and Numerical 3-Dimensional Matching where all input integers are distinct. Finally, we prove NP-hardness of Tetris survival and clearing under the "hard drops only" and "20G" modes, using two piece types, improving on a previous "hard drops only" result that used five piece types.
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